Percepción del ambiente y niveles de actividad física en adultos de un barrio de Cartagena / Perception of the environment and physical activity levels in adults from a neighbourhood in Cartagena

RESUMEN

Objetivo Estimar las diferencias en la percepción del ambiente del barrio de acuerdo a los niveles de actividad física. Métodos Estudio transversal en 350 adultos de 18 a 65 años residentes en el barrio Ternera, ubicado en el área urbana de la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia y con predomino del estrato socioeconómico 2. Muestreo de tipo probabilístico, aleatorio y trietápico. El Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ), formato corto, se utilizó para medir los niveles de actividad física. La percepción de las características del barrio se midió con el Módulo Ambiente del International Physical Activity Study (IPAS). Resultados Se observó una prevalencia de personas inactivas del 45,1 por ciento y de sujetos. activos del 54,9 por ciento. Se encontró diferencias (p<0,05) entre activos e inactivos, en cuanto a la percepción de algunas características del barrio. La percepción de paraderos de buses a menos de 10 o 15 minutos (OR= 2,74; IC 95 por ciento 1.58-4.92), mucho tráfico en el barrio (OR=1,95; IC 95 por ciento 1.22-3.13), pocos lugares para ir caminando o en bicicleta desde su casa (OR=1,69; IC 95 por ciento 1.04-2.72) es un riesgo para ser activo. Conclusiones Se evidencia que la percepción del ambiente del barrio es un factor determinante de la actividad física entre activos e inactivos en los residentes del barrio Ternera.

ABSTRACT

Objective Estimating differences in how the environment is perceived in a particular neighbourhood according to physical activity levels. Methods This was a study of 350 adults aged 18 to 65 who were residing in Ternera (an urban neighbourhood in the city of Cartagena, Colombia). predominant socioeconomic stratum in Ternera is 2 (on a scale of 1-6). Sampling was random, probabilistic and carried out in three stages. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire- short form (IPAQ-sf) was used for measuring physical activity levels. How the neighbourhood's characteristics were perceived was measured with the International Physical Activity Prevalence Study's (IPAS) environmental module. Results 45.1 percent active and 54.9 percent inactive people's prevalence was noted. Differences were found regarding active and inactive subjects' perception of their neighbourhood (p<0.05) regarding their perception of bus stops less than 10 to 15 minutes away (OR=2.74; 1.58-4.92 95 percentCI), too much traffic in the neighbourhood (OR=1.95; 1.22-3.13 95 percentCI) and few places to walk or bicycle near their homes (OR=1.69; 1.04-2.72 95 percentCI); all signalled a risk to the subject's physical activity. Conclusions It was evident that the perception of the neighbourhood's environment was a determinant of exercise regarding active and inactive people in the Ternera neighbourhood's residents.