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Risco ocupacional de tuberculose entre profissionais de saúde / Occupational risk of tuberculosis among health care workers
Toledo Júnior, Antonio Carlos de Castro.
  • Toledo Júnior, Antonio Carlos de Castro; s.af
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 8(3): 102-107, jul.-set. 1998. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-593599
RESUMO
Houve grande discussão sobre o risco de infecção e adoecimento pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis entre profissionais de saúde ao longo da história. Apesar de existirem evidencias a favor deste risco desde o final do século passado, ele só foi aceito a partir da década de 20. Com a descoberta do tratamento eficaz da doença, realizado preferencialmente em regime ambulatorial, houve diminuição da transmissão nosocomial. A epidemia do HIV/aids foi decisiva na retomada dessa discussão, com a ocorrência de vários surtos hospitalares de tuberculose multirresistente, inclusive com o adoecimento e morte de profissionais de saúde Foram propostas varias estratégias para controle da transmissão nosocomial, sendo que o diagnostico e o tratamento precoces e o isolamento dos casos suspeitos parecem ser as mais eficazes. A vacinação com BCG, associada as outras medidas, pode ser uma boa alternativa de controle, principalmente por ser igualmente eficaz contra cepas sensíiveis e multirresistentes. São necessários estudos para avaliar a transmissão nosocomial da tuberculose e eficácia das medidas de controle em nosso meio.
ABSTRACT
There was a great discussion about the occupational risk of tuberculosis infection and disease among health tare workers a long the history. There were evidences of this higher risk since the end of last century, but it was accepted only by the 20’s. The discover of an efficient treatment, made in an out-patient fashion, contributed to decline the nosocomial transmission of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The HIV/aids epidemics was very important to reinforce the discussion about tuberculosis, with various nosocomial epidemics of multidrug-resistante tuberculosis. Many strategies for the transmission control were proposed. The early diagnosis and treatment, and the isolation of the suspected cases seemed to be the more efficient. BCG vaccination, in association with the other strategies, may contribute for the transmission control, with the advance of being efficient despite of the drug resistante. New studies, to evaluate nosocomial transmission and control strategies at Brazil, are necessary.
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tuberculosis / Occupational Risks / Health Personnel Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. méd. Minas Gerais Journal subject: Medicine Year: 1998 Type: Article

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tuberculosis / Occupational Risks / Health Personnel Type of study: Etiology study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. méd. Minas Gerais Journal subject: Medicine Year: 1998 Type: Article