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Valor predictivo del hemograma en la sepsis neonatal / Predictive value of the complete blood count (CBC) in neonatal sepsis
Mesquita, Mirta; Avalos, Sonia; Godoy, Laura; Álvarez, Elizabeth.
  • Mesquita, Mirta; Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu. San Lorenzo. PY
  • Avalos, Sonia; Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu. San Lorenzo. PY
  • Godoy, Laura; Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu. San Lorenzo. PY
  • Álvarez, Elizabeth; Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu. San Lorenzo. PY
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 38(1): 23-30, abr. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-598882
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

Realizar un análisis del hemograma, herramienta de diagnóstico accesible en los hospitales públicos y valorar su utilidad en la sepsis neonatal.

Metodología:

Estudio de pruebas diagnósticas, desarrollado en el Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu, del 1 de enero del 2008 al 31 de diciembre de 2009.

Resultados:

Desde enero del 2008 a diciembre del 2009 ingresaron 209 RN en Urgencias y Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica del HGP. Tuvieron hemocultivo positivo 30 pacientes ingresados al estudio. Presentaron leucopenia 13 % (4/30) en el grupo de sepsis vs 10% (4/40) en el grupo control, leucocitosis 23% (7/30) en el grupo sepsis vs 35 % (14/40) en el grupo control. La leucopenia tuvo una S = 13% E= 90% VPP 50% y VPN 58%. El CP+ de 3 y CP- de 0,96. Solo 13 % presento neutropenia 4/30 del grupo sepsis y 12,5% (5/40) del grupo control, neutrofilia (>17500) se observo en el 41 %, (13/30) grupo sepsis y 40% (16/40) del grupo control. Considerando la S,E VPP,VPN y CP para cada uno de los puntos de cortes, se tuvo, para neutropenia S 13%, E 87%, VPP 44% VPN 57%; CP+ 1;CP- 1. Neutrofilia S 43 %, E 80 %; VPP 44% VPN 58% CP+ 2; CP- 0,71. Las plaquetas también fueron analizadas, se encontró plaquetopenia (<150000) en el 20 %, (11/30) en el grupo sepsis, y frente a 7,5% (3/40) en el grupo control). Las plaquetas en promedio en el grupo con sepsis fue 200.000±139.897 vs grupo control 340.825± 15.0417 (p= 0,0002) Para la plaquetopenia la S 36%, E de 92 %; VPP 78%; VPN 66%; CP+ 4,5 y CP- de 0,6. El análisis de los verdaderos positivos y los falsos positivos con la curva ROC mostró un área bajo la curva para los leucocitos de 0,50 (IC95% 0,36 - 0,65), para los neutrófilos 0,57 (IC 95% 0,43 - 0,71) y para las plaquetas 0,76 (IC 95% 0,64 - 0,88)...
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Diagnosis of neonatal sepsis remains a challenge. There is no single laboratory test to confirm diagnosis. In recent years the usefulness of various markers has been investigated, but always in conjunction with blood count values (white count, neutrophils etc.).

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to analyze the complete blood count, a diagnostic tool available in almost all public hospitals, and assess its usefulness in neonatal sepsis.

Methodology:

A study of diagnostic tests performed at the Niños of Acosta Nu General Pediatric Hospital between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2009. We analyzed the medical records of newborns clinically diagnosed with sepsis and confirmed by two positive blood cultures. The CBC taken was analyzed as an auxiliary method of diagnosis.

Results:

209 newborns were admitted through the hospital’s emergency or pediatric multidisciplinary intensive care units. A study group was formed of the 30 patients with positive blood cultures and a control group from 40 patients with no suspected infection. In the sepsis group leucopenia was shown in 13% (4/30) vs. 10% (4/40) in the control group while leukocytosis was seen in 23% (7/30) of the sepsis group vs. 35% (14/40) in the control group. For leukopenia sensitivity was 13%, specificity 90%, positive predictive value (PPV) 50%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 58%. The positive probability ratio was 3 and negative probability ratio 0.96. In the sepsis group, only 13% (4/30) presented neutropenia vs. 12.5% (5/40) in the control group; neutrophilia (>17500) was observed in 41% (13/30) of the sepsis group and 40% (16/40) of the control group, while in regard to the cutoff points, for neutropenia sensitivity was 13%, specificity 87%, PPV 44%, NPV 57%, positive probability ratio 1, and negative probability ratio 1, while for neutrophilia sensitivity was43%, specificity 80%, PPV 44%, NPV 58% positive probability ratio 2, and negative probability ratio 0.71...
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Sepsis Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Infant, Newborn Language: Spanish Journal: Pediatr. (Asunción) Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Paraguay Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu/PY

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Sepsis Type of study: Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Infant, Newborn Language: Spanish Journal: Pediatr. (Asunción) Journal subject: Pediatrics Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Paraguay Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital General Pediátrico Niños de Acosta Ñu/PY