Osteosarcomas de la región de cabeza y cuello / Osteosarcoma of the head and neck area: analysis of 12 patients

ABSTRACT

Background: Less than 10 percent of osteosarcomas are located the head and neck region, mainly affecting the mandible and maxillary region. Aim: To analyze the therapeutic modality, types of reconstruction, surgical complications and survival of patients treated for osteosarcoma of the head and neck. Material and Methods: Review of medical records of 12 patients aged 17 to 34 years (6 women) treated for osteosarcoma of the head and neck between September 1998 and may 2009. Results: The localization of the tumor was maxillary in eight, mandibular three and ethmoidal in one patient. According to histologic grade, seven tumors were grade 1, four were grade 2 and one was grade 3. Adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were administered to all and seven patients, respectively. The surgical treatment for maxillary tumors was maxillectomy. A reconstruction with rectum abdomini free flap was done in four patients and with dermoepidermic graft and an obturator prosthesis in three. In one patient, the defect was covered with a dental prosthesis. Treatment for mandibular tumors was mandibular excision. A reconstruction with peroneal free flap was performed in two patients and with an iliac crest graft in one. The ethmoidal tumor was resected and covered with local flaps. There were four complications. Two patients had a cutaneous fistula, one patient had a free flap partial atrophy and one patient had surgical site infection. Two patients who had positive margins died from local recurrence. Of the 10 patients with negative margins, seven are alive without recurrence, one died due to the disease, one has disseminated disease and one died from another cause. Conclusions: Our results in the treatment of head and neck osteosarcomas are consistent with published data.

RESUMEN

Objetivos: Analizar la modalidad terapéutica, tipos de reconstrucción, complicaciones quirúrgicas y sobrevida de un grupo de pacientes tratados por esta patología. Métodos: Revisión de fichas clínicas de 12 pacientes portadores de osteosarcoma de cabeza y cuello entre septiembre de 1998 y mayo de 2009. Resultados: Edad promedio 30 años (17-34), 6 mujeres y 6 hombres. Localización fue 8 maxilar, 3 mandibular y 1 etmoidales. 7 tumores G1, 4 G2 y 1 G3. Siete pacientes recibieron quimioterapia neoadyuvante y todos adyuvante. El tratamiento de tumores maxilares fueron maxilectomías reconstruidas 4 con colgajo libre de recto abdominal, 3 con injerto dermoepidérmico más prótesis obturadora y una con prótesis dentaria. Se realizó mandibulectomía a los tumores mandibulares, 2 reconstruidos con colgajo libre de peroné y uno con injerto de cresta ilíaca. El tratamiento del tumor etmoidal fue resección craneofacial y se reparó con colgajos locales. Hubo 4 complicaciones; 2 fístulas cutáneas, una atrofia parcial de colgajo libre y una infección de herida operatoria. Dos pacientes tuvieron bordes comprometidos, quienes murieron por recidiva local. De los 10 pacientes con bordes libres, 7 se encuentran sin evidencia de recidiva, uno con enfermedad diseminada, uno fallecido por la enfermedad y uno fallecido por otra causa. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados son consistentes con la literatura.