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Diabetes "mellitus" tipo 2: como eu trato / Type 2 diabetes mellitus: how I deal
Fuks, Anna Gabriela.
  • Fuks, Anna Gabriela; Hospital Copa D'Or. BR
J. bras. med ; 96(3): 47-50, jan.-mar. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-604025
RESUMO
O diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma doença de proporções epidêmicas, que atinge atualmente cerca de 170 milhões de pessoas no mundo. Com crescimento importante em sua prevalência, a estimativa para o ano de 2025 é de 333 milhões de casos. Dois grandes estudos demonstraram o papel do controle glicêmico estrito na redução das complicações crônicas em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Esses estudos ajudaram a estabelecer metas para o controle metabólico em pacientes com DM2, sendo elas hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) < 7%, glicemia de jejum entre 90 e 120 mg/dl e glicemia pós-prandial < 180 mg/dl. É fundamental compreender bem a fisiopatologia do DM2 e saber individualizar o tratamento de acordo com o mecanismo de ação de cada hipoglicemiante oral (HGO). Os principais fatores determinantes na escolha de um HGO incluem o nível de HbA1c e a duração do DM2. Esta revisão mostra como podemos abordar o paciente com DM2 desde o diagnóstico.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a disease with epidemic proportions affecting in the present time, around 170 million people in the world. A significant increase in its prevalence is observed and around 333 millions of cases are expected to exist in the year of 2025. Two important clinical trials demonstrated the importance of tight glycemic control in the reduction of chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. These studies have helped to establish the current targets for the metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, being glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) < 7%, fasting glucose between 90 e 120 mg/dl and post prandial glycose < 180 mg/dl. A wise choice for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes includes not only the knowledge of the currently available drugs and its pharmacologic characteristics but also a pathophysiological approach. A thorough understanding of the distinct pathophysiologic derangements, associated with the individual metabolic control (HbA1c) occurring in single patients should guide the therapeutic option. The aim of this review is to provide the basis for the pharmacologic management of patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Blood Glucose / Glycated Hemoglobin / Cardiovascular Diseases / Glycemic Index / Exercise Therapy / Hypoglycemic Agents / Insulin / Life Style Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: Portuguese Journal: J. bras. med Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Copa D'Or/BR

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Blood Glucose / Glycated Hemoglobin / Cardiovascular Diseases / Glycemic Index / Exercise Therapy / Hypoglycemic Agents / Insulin / Life Style Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: Portuguese Journal: J. bras. med Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Copa D'Or/BR