Sperm retrieval techniques for assisted reproduction
Int. braz. j. urol
;
37(5): 570-583, Sept.-Oct. 2011. ilus, tab
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: lil-608124
ABSTRACT
Different surgical methods such as PESA, MESA, TESA, TESE and micro-TESE have been developed to retrieve spermatozoa from either the epididymis or the testis according to the type of azoospermia, i.e., obstructive or non-obstructive. Laboratory techniques are used to remove contaminants, cellular debris, and red blood cells following collection of the epididymal fluid or testicular tissue. Surgically-retrieved spermatozoa may be used for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and/or cryopreservation. In this article, we review the surgical procedures for retrieving spermatozoa from both the epididymis and the testicle and provide technical details of the commonly used methods. A critical analysis of the advantages and limitations of the current surgical methods to retrieve sperm from males with obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia is presented along with an overview of the laboratory techniques routinely used to process surgically-retrieved sperm. Lastly, we summarize the results from the current literature of sperm retrieval, as well as the clinical outcome of ICSI in the clinical scenario of obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia.
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Spermatozoa
/
Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic
/
Azoospermia
/
Sperm Retrieval
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Int. braz. j. urol
Journal subject:
Urology
Year:
2011
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic/BR
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