Estrategia educativa para cuidadoras de familiares con enfermedad terminal / Educational strategy for female care givers who attend terminally ill relatives

RESUMEN

Se realizó una intervención educativa desde julio de 2008 hasta enero de 2010 en el Policlínico Docente Ramón López Peña de Santiago de Cuba para aplicar una estrategia capacitante sobre cuidados paliativos, dirigida a 24 mujeres encargadas de atender a igual número de familiares con enfermedad terminal. Antes de ser instruidas al efecto, la mayoría de las cuidadoras desconocían cómo controlar los síntomas en sus parientes y su propio estrés, carecían de preparación psicológica para enfrentar el duelo, no habían adquirido las habilidades comunicativas necesarias y muchas se mostraban insatisfechas con el apoyo profesional recibido, entre otros factores; sin embargo, los encuentros programados permitieron brindarles la orientación y el asesoramiento requeridos para asumir con seguridad y confianza el rol que debían desempeñar responsablemente en esa humana labor.

ABSTRACT

An educational intervention was carried out from July, 2008 to January, 2010 at Ramóm López Peña Teaching Polyclinic in Santiago de Cuba in order to apply an effective strategy on hospice care so as to train 24 women in charge of attending the same number of terminally ill family members. Before the training, most of female care givers did not know how to control symptoms of their ill relatives, not even their own stress; they had no psychological training to face the challenge; they had not developed the necessary communicative skills; and most of them were not satisfied with the professional aid received; among other factors. However, the scheduled meetings allowed health workers to offer the required orientation and expert advice to these care givers so they could assume their roles with confidence and security taking into account they had to perform a human task with a lot of responsibility.