Determinación de resistencia a la insulina en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 / Determine if type 2 diabetes mellitus patients are insulin resistant

RESUMEN

Estudio realizado en la consulta externa de Endocrinología del hospital “Luis Vernaza”, Guayaquil, en un grupo de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, sobrepeso u obesidad durante los meses de junio a septiembre 2003 y que respondían a los criterios de inclusión. Tipo de estudio Descriptivo analítico y transversal. Objetivo general Determinar la frecuencia de insulinorresistencia (IR) y los factores; (en otras palabras, aún no se ha determinado si la IR es causa o efecto) en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 y/o sobrepeso u obesidad que acuden a la consulta externa del servicio de Endocrinología del hospital “Luis Vernaza”. Específicos Determinar la frecuencia de insulinorresistencia en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y/o sobrepeso u obesidad en este estudio. Determinar sexo, edad, procedencia, hábitos y factores constitucionales de los pacientes diabéticos y/o con sobrepeso u obesidad e IR. Identificar los factores de riesgo para síndrome metabólico presentes en el grupo de pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y/o con sobrepeso u obesidad que acuden a la consulta externa del hospital “Luis Vernaza”. Valorar glicemia e insulinemia obtenidos en los pacientes con IR. Resultados: Durante el período de estudio 58 pacientes cumplieron criterios de inclusión; de los cuales 25 presentaron sobrepeso u obesidad y 33 diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Del total de pacientes estudiados 24 presentaron insulinorresistencia, lo que corresponde a un 41.4.

ABSTRACT

Study was done at department of endocrinology of “Luis Vernaza” hospital in Guayaquil, in a group of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who are overweight or obese during the months of June thru September 2003 and that had criteria of inclusion. Type of study Descriptive, analytic and transversal. Objectives: General Determine the frequency of insulin resistance in patients that have type 2 diabetes mellitus and are overweight or have obese. Specific Determine the frequency of insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and who are overweight or obese; Identify patients who are overweight or have obesity. Results: During the study 58 patients had criteria of inclusion 25 patients were obese or overweight and 33 had type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 24 patients were insulin resistant which is 41.4. In group A (obesity or overweight) 24 were insulin resistant and in group B (type 2 diabetic) 54.5 were insulin resistant. Conclusions: We found that 41.4 of the patients with diabetes and/or obese or overweight were insulin resistant. A larger percent of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were insulin resistant (54.5) compared to 24 of patients who are obese or overweight Compared to findings from other authors (10), it is considered that 85 of patients that have type 2 diabetes and 40 to 80 of that patients have obesity are insulin resistant, even though it is not the same percentage both groups studied have high percentages. Insulin resistance is frequent between the ages of 50 and 60 years.