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Prevalencia y factores asociados a heridas punzo-cortantes en trabajadores de salud del primer nivel de atención. Dirección de Salud V Lima Ciudad, 2005 / Prevalence and factors associated with sharps injuries in health workers in primary care. Direccion de Salud V Lima Ciudad, 2005
Gutiérrez, César; Alarcón, Jorge; Sánchez, Sixto; Carrión, Miguel.
  • Gutiérrez, César; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel Alcides Carrión. Lima. PE
  • Alarcón, Jorge; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Instituto de Medicina Tropical Daniel Alcides Carrión. Lima. PE
  • Sánchez, Sixto; Instituto Nacional de Salud. Lima. PE
  • Carrión, Miguel; Dirección de Salud V Lima Ciudad. PE
Rev. peru. epidemiol. (Online) ; 12(2)ago. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-619878
RESUMEN

Introducción:

Los trabajadores de salud presentan un mayor riesgo de accidentes que involucran agentes biológicos, de tal suerte que la probabilidad de adquirir enfermedades infecciosas es alta. El número de trabajadores en el sector salud ha estado en crecimiento en el Perú durante los últimos 25 años, a pesar de ello los estudios sobre accidentes laborales en este grupo son escasos.

Objetivos:

Determinar la prevalencia de heridas punzo-cortantes entre trabajadores de salud del primer nivel de atención de la DISA V Lima Ciudad e identificar factores asociados a su ocurrencia. Material y

métodos:

Estudio analítico transversal desarrollado en la Dirección de Salud (DISA) V Lima Ciudad entre enero y mayo de 2005. La selección de la muestra fue mediante un muestreo sistemático. Se aplicó un cuestionario estandarizado auto-administrado luego de la aceptación del trabajador y firma del consentimiento informado. El análisis consistió en el cálculo de la prevalencia, estadística descriptiva e inferencial y estimación de OR e IC95%.

Resultados:

Se entrevistó un total de 203 trabajadores (28.5% varones), con una edad promedio de 45.9±8.3 años y tiempo de trabajo de 17.1±7.8 años. Durante los últimos cinco años el 34.0% refirió haber sufrido al menos una herida punzo-cortante (IC95% 27.5%-40.5%). Las ocupaciones con mayor prevalencia de heridas punzo-cortante fueron tecnólogos de laboratorio (50.0%) y técnicos de enfermería (40.3%). Los objetos más frecuentemente involucrados fueron agujas de inyectable (69.6%) y agujas de sutura (20.3%). La mayoría de las heridas (52.2%) fueron de profundidad intermedia (2 a 5mm, escaso sangrado); las heridas superficiales (menos de 2mm, sin sangrado) fueron el 40.6% y las profundas (5mm o más, sangrado profuso) el 7.2%...
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Health care workers (HCW) are at higher risk for accidents involving biological agents, thus the probability of acquiring infectious diseases is high. The number of HCW at the primary care level has been growing in Peru over the last 25 years, yet reports of work-related injuries in this group are scarce.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of percutaneous injuries among HCW in primary care settings in Lima, Peru.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Lima Department of Health between January and May 2005. HCW from various primary care settings were enlisted. A systematic sampling was performed. A standardized selfadministered questionnaire was given to participants to complete upon acceptance into the study. Data analysis consisted of calculation of the prevalence, descriptive and inferential statistics, and OR with 95% CI.

Results:

Of the 203 HCW surveyed, 28.5% were male, with an average age of 45.9±8.3 years and an health care employment duration of 17.1±7.8 years. Over the past five years, 34.0% suffered at least one percutaneous injury (95% CI 27.5%-40.5%). Occupations with the highest prevalence were laboratory technologists (50.0%) and practical nurses (40.3%). The objects most frequently involved in these injuries were injection needles (69.6%) and suture needles (20.3%). Most of the injuries (52.2%) were of intermediate depth (2 to 5mm in depth, little bleeding); superficial injuries (less than 2mm, no bleeding) accounted for 40.6% and 7.2% were deep injuries (5mm or more, profuse bleeding). 69.6% of HCW who suffered a percutaneous injury did not report it, 27.5% underwent HIV testing and 7.2% were tested for hepatitis B. Only one HCW received antiretroviral prophylaxis for HIV. Of the possible risk factors studied, only age was associated with a significant increase in the occurrence of percutaneous injuries (OR=6.0 for those under 45 years, 95% CI 1.8- 19.5)...
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Wounds, Stab / Prevalence / Risk Factors / Health Personnel / Standard of Care Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Peru Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. peru. epidemiol. (Online) Year: 2008 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Dirección de Salud V Lima Ciudad/PE / Instituto Nacional de Salud/PE / Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos/PE

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Wounds, Stab / Prevalence / Risk Factors / Health Personnel / Standard of Care Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Peru Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. peru. epidemiol. (Online) Year: 2008 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Dirección de Salud V Lima Ciudad/PE / Instituto Nacional de Salud/PE / Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos/PE