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The expanding spectrum of clinically-distinctive, immunotherapy-responsive autoimmune encephalopathies / O espectro em expansão das encefalopatias autoimunes clinicamente distintas e que respondem à imunoterapia
Irani, Sarosh R; Vincent, Angela.
  • Irani, Sarosh R; John Radcliffe Hospital. Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, West Wing. Oxford. GB
  • Vincent, Angela; John Radcliffe Hospital. Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, West Wing. Oxford. GB
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 70(4): 300-304, Apr. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-622592
ABSTRACT
The autoimmune encephalopathies are a group of conditions that are associated with autoantibodies against surface neuronal proteins, which are likely to mediate the disease. They are established as a frequent cause of encephalitis. Characteristic clinical features in individual patients often allow the specificity of the underlying antibody to be confidently predicted. Antibodies against the VGKC-complex, mainly LGI1(leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1), CASPR2 (contactin-associated protein 2), and contactin-2, and NMDA (N-methyl, D-aspartate) -receptor are the most frequently established serological associations. In the minority of cases, an underlying tumour can be responsible. Early administration of immunotherapies, and tumour removal, where it is relevant, offer the greatest chance of improvement. Prolonged courses of immunotherapies may be required, and clinical improvements often correlate well with the antibody levels. In the present article, we have summarised recent developments in the clinical and laboratory findings within this rapidly expanding field.
RESUMO
As encefalopatias autoimunes constituem um grupo de condições associadas à presença, no soro, de anticorpos contra proteínas de superfície neuronais. Acredita-se que esses anticorpos sejam mediadores da ocorrência da doença, sendo reconhecidos atualmente como causas frequentes de encefalite. Apresentações clínicas características permitem, muitas vezes, predizer o grupo específico de anticorpos subjacentes. Anticorpos contra o complexo VGKF, especialmente LGI1 (leucine-rich glioma-inactivated1), CASPR2 (contactin-associated protein 2) e contactina-2, e contra o receptor NMDA(N-methyl, D-aspartate) são as associações sorológicas mais frequentemente estabelecidas. Na minoria dos casos, pode ser detectado um tumor subjacente. As maiores chances de melhora estão relacionadas à administração precoce de imunoterapia e à remoção do tumor, quando presente. A duração da imunoterapia pode se prolongada e a melhora se correlaciona, muitas vezes, com os níveis séricos de anticorpos. Neste artigo, estão resumidos os avanços recentes nos achados clínicos e laboratoriais neste campo que está em tão rápida expansão.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Autoantibodies / Autoimmune Diseases / Encephalitis / Immunotherapy Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Arq. neuropsiquiatr Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: United kingdom Institution/Affiliation country: John Radcliffe Hospital/GB

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Autoantibodies / Autoimmune Diseases / Encephalitis / Immunotherapy Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Arq. neuropsiquiatr Journal subject: Neurology / Psychiatry Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: United kingdom Institution/Affiliation country: John Radcliffe Hospital/GB