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Relevancia y prevalencia del estrés post-traumático post-terremoto como problema de salud pública en Constitución, Chile / The relevance and prevalence of post-traumatic stress after an earthquake: public health problem in Constitucion, Chile
Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo.
  • Leiva-Bianchi, Marcelo; Universidad de Talca. Facultad de Psicología. Talca. CL
Rev. salud pública ; 13(4): 551-559, agosto 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-625630
RESUMEN
Objetivos Según investigaciones previas, después del terremoto y tsunami del 27 de febrero de 2010 (27-F), se espera un aumento de la prevalencia del estrés post-traumático (TEPT). Esta investigación pretende mostrar la importancia de este problema, identificando la prevalencia del TEPT en la ciudad de Constitución, una de las más afectadas por el 27-F. Método Mediante la escala Short Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Rating Interview (SPRINT-E), se midió la cantidad de síntomas intensos de TEPT en dos muestras: apoderados de un colegio municipal y personal de la red de atención primaria. Resultados La prevalencia del TEPT en ambos grupos es mayor a lo esperado: 36 % en el grupo de apoderados (en el cual se esperaba un 23 %) y 20 % en el de funcionarios (en el cual se esperaba un 15 %). Conclusiones Se reflexiona respecto del grave problema de salud mental pública presente en esta ciudad en particular y en todas las zonas afectadas en general. También se discute respecto de la factibilidad de resolver este problema de salud pública, mediante los recursos disponibles en la red de salud. Si bien su resolución es compleja, es posible apoyar iniciativas científicas de investigación aplicada, como la que actualmente está llevando a cabo la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad de Talca.(AU)
ABSTRACT
Objectives An increase in the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is expected following the February 27th 2010 (F-27) earthquake and tsunami, according to previous research; the current research was aimed at showing the importance of this problem by identifying PTSD prevalence in Constitucion, one of the Chilean cities most affected by F-27. Methods The number of severe PTSD symptoms was measured in two samples taken from staff from a local school and a primary care network, using the short post-traumatic stress disorder rating interview (SPRINT-E) scale. Results PTSD prevalence was higher than expected in both groups: 36 % in the local school staff (where 23 % was expected) and 20 % for primary care network staff (15 % was expected). Conclusions The article deals with PTSD prevalence, reflecting on the serious public mental health problem affecting this city in particular and all affected areas in general. It also discusses the feasibility of solving this public health problem by using available health network resources. While its resolution is complex, initiatives in applied research can always be supported, such as those currently being conducted by the University of Talca's psychology faculty.(AU)
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Tsunamis / Earthquakes / Public Health Surveillance Type of study: Evaluation studies / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de Talca/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Tsunamis / Earthquakes / Public Health Surveillance Type of study: Evaluation studies / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. salud pública Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de Talca/CL