Carotenoides totais e vitamina A de cucurbitáceas do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Embrapa Semiárido / Total caratenoids and vitamin A of cucurbits from germoplasm bank of Embrapa Semiarid

RESUMO

Dentre as espécies cultivadas no semiárido baiano, as abóboras são uma excelente alternativa de produção. Nessa região onde são encontrados os mais baixos Índices de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) do Brasil e populações com alta incidência de hipovitaminose A, materiais promissores de abóboras, fontes de carotenoides, podem ser inseridos no agronegócio irrigado. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar acessos de abóboras do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma (BAG) de Cucurbitáceas da Embrapa Semiárido com altos teores de carotenoides totais e vitamina A. Os teores de carotenoides totais (CT), expressos em termos de β-caroteno, variaram de 14,93µg g-1 (A4) até 290,62µg g-1 (A43) entre os diferentes acessos (A). Dos carotenoides encontrados nos acessos com maiores teores de CT, 60-70% foram quantificados como α- e β-caroteno, representando um valor total de vitamina A de 1.182,39 gRAE 100g-1 (A40) e 1.828,84 gRAE 100g-1 (A43). Esses resultados demonstram que os 48 acessos de abóboras do BAG estudados apresentam grande variação quanto ao teor de carotenoides totais, e os selecionados representam alta fonte de vitamina A.

ABSTRACT

Among the species of short cycle crops, with great potential to be increased within the agribusiness of the Semi-Arid Bahia, the pumpkins are an excellent alternative for production. In this region where are found the lowest HDI of Brazil, and populations with high incidence of hypovitaminosis A, promising materials of pumpkins with high amounts of carotenoids have a chance to be good accepted and inserted into the irrigated agribusiness. The aim of this research was to identify accessions of pumpkins from the Active Germplasm Bank (BAG) of Cucurbitáceas from Embrapa Semi-arid with high amounts of total carotenoids and vitamin A. The amount of total carotenoids found by UV-vis spectrophotometry (445nm) in different accessions (A) ranged from 14.93mg g-1 (A4) to 290.62mg g-1 (A43), with average value of 366.60 31.21µg g-1. In the access with higher amounts of total carotenoids a percentage between 60-70 % were quantified as α- and β-carotene showing a total value of vitamin A of 1,182.39 gRAE 100g-1 (A40) and 1,828.84 gRAE 100g-1 (A43). These results demonstrate that the 48 accessions of pumpkins BAG studied show a big variation in the content of total carotenoids, and may represent some high source of vitamin A, which really increase the importance of identifying genotypes for production in large scale of lines segregant of vitamin A.