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Valor del diagnóstico de la tuberculosis pulmonar por autopsia en Cuba / Importance of the pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis by autopsy in Cuba
Martínez Portuondo, Ana Ivonne; Hurtado de Mendoza Amat, José; González Ochoa, Edilberto.
  • Martínez Portuondo, Ana Ivonne; Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Finlay-Albarrán.
  • Hurtado de Mendoza Amat, José; Hospital Universitario Hermanos Ameijeiras.
  • González Ochoa, Edilberto; Instituto de Medicina Tropical. Pedro Kouri.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 11(1): 76-85, ene.-mar. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-629862
RESUMEN
El diagnóstico de la tuberculosis pulmonar por autopsia mide la calidad de la atención médica y el comportamiento de la enfermedad.

Objetivo:

Determinar los fallecidos que murieron con y por Tuberculosis pulmonar y la concordancia entre los diagnósticos clínico y anatomopatológico en el período estudiado.

Método:

Se examinaron 77 341 necropsias del Registro Nacional de Autopsias de Cuba, en adultos, del 1994 -2003. Se realizó un análisis multicausal de la muerte.

Resultados:

El 0.2 % de los pacientes murió con tuberculosis pulmonar y 0.04 % por tuberculosis pulmonar. El 71 % correspondió al sexo masculino y la edad promedio, 69 años de edad. La causa directa más frecuente de la muerte fue a expensas de la bronconeumonía. La discrepancia diagnóstica entre el diagnóstico clínico y el anatomopatológico señaló 26 % en la causa directa y 53 % en la causa básica de la muerte.

Conclusiones:

Los pacientes fallecieron en edades avanzadas y un porcentaje importante por Bronconeumonía. El estudio confirma que existe una frecuencia muy baja de tuberculosis pulmonar activa y concordancia diagnóstica en la mitad de los pacientes. También una discrepancia diagnóstica en la tercera parte de los casos como causa directa de la muerte. Quedaría definir por otras investigaciones los factores que influyen en los casos diagnosticados postmortem que mantienen la transmisión oculta de la enfermedad.
ABSTRACT
The quality of medical care and the behaviour of the illness can be valued through the achievement of the pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis by autopsy.

Objective:

To determine the patients who died with pulmonary tuberculosis and because of it and to establish the agreement between the clinical and the pathological diagnoses in the analized period.

Method:

A total of 77 341 necropsies taken from the Cuban national autopsies register were analized taking as reference a period of ten years (1994-2003).The clinical records were examined in those cases in which active tuberculosis was found.

Results:

The 0,2 % of the patients died with pulmonary tuberculosis and a 0.04 % died because of it. The average age was 69 years and 71 % of the persons were men. Broncho-pneumonia was the most important cause of death. The diagnostic discrepancy between clinical and pathological diagnosis showed a 26 % as the direct cause of death and a 53 % as the basic cause of death.

Conclusion:

An important percent of the deaths were by broncho-pneumonia and most of the patients died at an advanced age. It was confirmed a low frecuency of active pulmonary tuberculosis and there was diagnostic agreement in half of the patients. There was also a diagnostic disagreement in a third of the cases with direct cause of death. Other investigations could define the factors of the post-mortem cases diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis which keep hidden the transmission of this disease.

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Diagnostic study Country/Region as subject: Cuba Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. habanera cienc. méd Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Type of study: Diagnostic study Country/Region as subject: Cuba Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. habanera cienc. méd Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba