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Prevalencia de malnutrición en pacientes con discapacidad intelectual institucionalizados / Prevalence of malnutrition in institutionalized intellectually disabled patients
Bronberg, Rubén A.; Alfaro, Emma L.; Bejarano, Ignacio F.; Dipierri, José E..
  • Bronberg, Rubén A.; Hospital Colonia Nacional Dr. Manuel Montes de Oca. Servicio de Genética.
  • Alfaro, Emma L.; Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Biología de la Altura.
  • Bejarano, Ignacio F.; Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Biología de la Altura.
  • Dipierri, José E.; Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Biología de la Altura.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 71(1): 1-8, ene.-feb. 2011. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633812
RESUMEN
Los pacientes con discapacidad intelectual (DI) pueden presentar un riesgo elevado de padecer alteraciones nutricionales. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de malnutrición en pacientes institucionalizados con DI, en la Colonia Nacional Montes de Oca, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se realizó valoración antropométrica transversal mediante peso (kg) y talla (cm) en 614 individuos (352 varones y 262 mujeres). Se determinó IMC y la prevalencia de bajo peso, sobrepeso y obesidad por sexo y tipo de DI leve, moderada y grave. Independientemente del sexo, las prevalencias de bajo peso, sobrepeso y obesidad fueron del 2.9%, 30% y 27.7% respectivamente. Sin considerar el grupo de DI, en mujeres se observó mayor prevalencia de obesidad (41.2%) y en varones de sobrepeso (34.7%). Teniendo en cuenta el grado de DI e independientemente del sexo se observó mayor prevalencia de bajo peso en DI grave y de sobrepeso y obesidad en DI leve. Ninguno de los pacientes con DI leve presentó bajo peso. Teniendo en cuenta el sexo y el grupo de DI las mayores prevalencias de bajo peso y sobrepeso se hallaron en varones con DI leve, (7% y 38.4% respectivamente) y de obesidad en mujeres con DI moderada (44%). Los resultados obtenidos indicarían la importancia del control del ingreso calórico y gasto energético de adultos con DI, prestando especial atención a las condiciones de vida y a los desordenes alimentarios en relación al grado de DI y a sus múltiples discapacidades asociadas.
ABSTRACT
As patients with intellectual and developmental disability (ID) may be more exposed to unfavorable factors, they are at higher risk of suffering nutritional alterations. Our objective was to determine prevalence of malnutrition in institutionalized patients with ID. An evaluation of the nutritional status through determination of transversal anthropometric parameters of weight (kg) and height (cm) was made on 614 individuals (352 men and 262 women) institutionalized at Colonia Nacional Montes de Oca, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Body mass index and prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity cases by sex and ID type mild, moderate and severe intellectual disability were determined. Regardless of sex, prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity were of 2.9%, 30% and 27.7%, respectively. Regardless of degree of ID, greater prevalence of obesity (41.2%) was found amongst women, while overweight (34.7%) was more frequent amongst men. Taking the degree of ID and regardless of sex, greater prevalence of underweight was observed in severe ID, and overweight and obesity amongst mild ID. No any of the patients with mild ID presented underweight. Taking into account sex and ID, higher prevalence of underweight and overweight were observed amongst men with mild ID, (7% and 38.4%, respectively) and of obesity in women with moderate ID (44%). Results obtained would indicate the importance of caloric intake and energy consumption control in adults with ID, paying particular attention to life conditions and alimentary disorders in terms of the degree of ID and their multiple associated disabilities.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Thinness / Nutritional Status / Malnutrition / Intellectual Disability / Obesity Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Argentina Language: Spanish Journal: Medicina (B.Aires) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Thinness / Nutritional Status / Malnutrition / Intellectual Disability / Obesity Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Argentina Language: Spanish Journal: Medicina (B.Aires) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina