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Utilidad de la relación aldosterona y actividad renina plasmática en el diagnóstico de hiperaldosteronismo primario / Aldosterone/renin ratio in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism
Ríos, María Carolina; Izquierdo, Anahí; Sotelo, Mercedes; Honnorat, Egle; Rodríguez Cuimbra, Silvia; Catay, Erika; Popescu, Bogdan M..
  • Ríos, María Carolina; Hospital Escuela General San Martín. Corrientes. AR
  • Izquierdo, Anahí; Hospital Escuela General San Martín. Corrientes. AR
  • Sotelo, Mercedes; Centro Bioquímico Linus Pauling. Resistencia.
  • Honnorat, Egle; Hospital Escuela General San Martín. Corrientes. AR
  • Rodríguez Cuimbra, Silvia; Hospital Escuela General San Martín. Corrientes. AR
  • Catay, Erika; Hospital Escuela General San Martín. Corrientes. AR
  • Popescu, Bogdan M.; Hospital Escuela General San Martín. Corrientes. AR
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 71(6): 525-530, dic. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-633912
RESUMEN
El hiperaldosteronismo primario (HP) es la forma más común de hipertensión arterial (HTA) secundaria. Recientemente varios estudios sugieren que la prevalencia de esta enfermedad varía entre 5% y 15% entre la población hipertensa, y 20% para hipertensión arterial refractaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue, ante la gran variabilidad de prevalencias sobre HP según las publicaciones internacionales y pocos datos en la Argentina, aportar la prevalencia de HP en un hospital general del interior del país, relacionándolo con el grado de HTA y presencia de normokalemia. En este estudio transversal se realizó dosaje de A/ARP en 123 pacientes hipertensos, suspendiendo toda medicación que interfiriera en los dosajes hormonales; se utilizó como método confirmatorio el test de solución salina (SS) para el diagnóstico de HP y la tomografía computarizada (TC) de abdomen para el diagnóstico etiológico del HP. Se detectó una relación A/ARP elevada en 20 (16.4%) pacientes. En 18 se realizó el test de SS, confirmando el diagnóstico de aldosteronismo en 8 (6.5% del total). En la TC, dos presentaron adenomas, y seis glándulas suprarrenales normales. Todos los pacientes con HP pertenecían al grupo II y III de HTA según el VI Joint National Committee (VI JNC) y el 50% fue normokalémico. Encontramos una prevalencia de 6.5% de HP, asociado a grado II y III de hipertensión, y valores de potasio normal en la mitad de los pacientes.
ABSTRACT
Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a possible cause of endocrine hypertension. Recent studies have suggested a prevalence ranging between 5% and 15% of all hypertensive patients, and 20% in patients with refractory hypertension.The objective of this transversal study was to establish the prevalence of PA in a hypertensive population using the aldosterone / plasma renin ratio (ARR) as a screening method, considering that the prevalence rates for PA among hypertensive people present a wide range and that there are only few reports in Argentina. This ratio was then related with the degree of hypertension and with the presence or absence of hypokalemia. Serum aldosterone and plasma renin activity levels were measured in 123 hypertensive patients after discontinuing all medications that could interfere with the hormonal tests. Patients with an aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio > 25 were submitted to the saline suppression test (SST) to confirm the diagnosis of PA, followed by computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen. Twenty patients presented an ARR > 25 (16.4%). Eighteen were submitted to the SST, eight had a diagnosis of PA confirmed with positive SST (6.5%). Of 8 patients who underwent an abdominal CT, two showed adenoma, and six normal adrenal anatomy. All the eight patients with a PA diagnosis belonged to group II and III of hypertension according to Joint National Committee VI (JNC VI), and only 4 (50%) were normokalemic. We found a 6.5% prevalence of PA, associated with grade II and III hypertension, and normal potassium values in half of the patients with PA.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Renin / Aldosterone / Hyperaldosteronism Type of study: Diagnostic study / Health technology assessment / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Argentina Language: Spanish Journal: Medicina (B.Aires) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Escuela General San Martín/AR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Renin / Aldosterone / Hyperaldosteronism Type of study: Diagnostic study / Health technology assessment / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Argentina Language: Spanish Journal: Medicina (B.Aires) Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2011 Type: Article Affiliation country: Argentina Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Escuela General San Martín/AR