Avaliação da presença de calculo subgengival em fumantes / Evaluation of the presence of subgingival calculus in smokers

RESUMO

O habito de fumar tem sido considerado um dos principais fatores de risco associado com a doença periodontal crônica, por estar associado com um aumento da prevalência e severidade da doença. A exposição ao fumo eleva o risco do desenvolvimento de periodontite podendo exercer um forte impacto sobre o acumulo de calculo subgengival. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a presença do calculo subgengival em fumantes com periodontite crônica. Para tanto foram analisados os prontuarios odontológicos e radiografias de 76 pacientes, 26 fumantes (FUM) e 50 não fumantes(NFUM). Fumantes apresentaram significantemente (p< 0,05) maior percentagem de sítios com profundidade de respectivamente, havendo uma diferença significante entre os grupos. Quando os sítios proximais foram estratificados...

ABSTRACT

Cigarette smoking has been considered one of the major risk factor associated with chronic periodontal disease, being associated with an increased prevalence and severity of disease. Cigarette smoking exposure increases the risk of developing periodontitis and may have a powerful impact on the accumulation of subgingival calculus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of subgingival calculus in smokers with chronic periodontitis. Therefore, it was examined dental records and radiographs of 76 patients, 26 smokers (SM) and 50 non-smokers (NSM). Smokers had significantly (p< 0.05) higher percentage of sites with probing depth (PD) ¡Ý5 (SM = 32.8%; NSM = 25.7%) as well as lower Gingival lndex (GI) (SM = 21.8%; NSM = 36.2%). ln the analysis of proximal sites with subgingival calculus, SM and NSM showed 37.7% and 30.2% of sites respectively, with a significant difference between groups. When the proximal sites were stratified in relation to PD, this difference was observed only in shallow sites, ¡Ü 4 mm (SM = 31.7%; NSM = 25.4%) but not in the deeper sites, ¡Ý5 mm (SM = 49.9%; NSM= 51.3%). The smokers had a higher amount of subgingival calculus than non-smokers.