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Uso de una prueba rápida de rotavirus en la prescripción de antibióticos en diarrea aguda pediátrica: un estudio observacional, aleatorizado y controlado / Use of rotavirus rapid test in the prescription of antibiotics in acute pediatric diarrhea: an observational study, randomized controlled
Bucher, Andrea; Rivara, Gustavo; Briceño, Diego; Huicho, Luis.
  • Bucher, Andrea; Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza. Lima. PE
  • Rivara, Gustavo; Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza. Lima. PE
  • Briceño, Diego; Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza. Lima. PE
  • Huicho, Luis; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima. PE
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 32(1): 11-15, ene.-mar. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-646586
RESUMEN

OBJETIVO:

Evaluar el efecto de la disponibilidad de un método diagnóstico rápido y preciso de rotavirus sobre la frecuencia en el uso de antibióticos en niños menores de 5 años con diarrea aguda de menos de 5 días de duración del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza; Lima, Perú. MATERIALES Y

MÉTODOS:

se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo, aleatorizado, controlado, entre Julio 2008 y Enero 2009. Se asignó aleatoriamente 101 pacientes al Grupo A (con prueba de leucocitos fecales) y 100 al Grupo B (con prueba de leucocitos fecales y prueba rápida de rotavirus/adenovirus). Se evaluó en cada grupo la decisión clínica de administrar o no antibióticos.

RESULTADOS:

No existieron diferencias significativas en el tiempo de enfermedad, edad ni peso entre ambos grupos. Los casos de rotavirus tuvieron leucocitos fecales positivos en un 46.9%. El grado de positividad de los leucocitos fecales se asoció de manera directamente proporcional al uso de antibióticos (P<0.0001). El grupo positivo a rotavirus presentó un mayor riesgo de hospitalización que el grupo negativo a este agente (21.9% vs. 6.3%, P<0.0001). No se registraron muertes atribuibles a diarrea.

CONCLUSIONES:

La disponibilidad de un diagnóstico rápido y preciso de rotavirus en menores de 5 años con diarrea aguda, redujo significativamente el uso de antibióticos.
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the impact of a rapid and accurate rotavirus test in the emergency ward on the reduction of antibiotic prescription in children under 5 years old with acute diarrhea at ôArzobispo Loayza National Hospitalõ, Lima, Peru. MATERIAL AND

METHODS:

We performed an observational prospective randomized controlled study, from July 2008 to January 2009. Stool samples from patients with diarrhea lasting less than 5 days were analyzed. Out of 201 cases, 101 were classified in Group A (with fecal leukocytes test performed) and 100 in Group B (with fecal leukocytes test and rotavirus/adenovirus test performed). We aimed to associate the signs and symptoms with the decision of prescribing antibiotics and with hospitalization risk.

RESULTS:

Both groups were comparable with regard to age, weight and illness duration. In patients with rotavirus infection, fecal leukocytes were positive in 46.9% of cases. Frequency of antibiotic use was directly associated with the number of fecal leukocytes (P<0.0001). There was a higher risk of admission in the group positive to rotavirus than in the group negative to this agent (21.9% vs. 6.3, P<0.0001). No diarrhea-attributable deaths were reported.

CONCLUSION:

The use of rotavirus test in the pediatric emergency room decreased antibiotic prescription in children with diarrhea.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Rotavirus Infections / Adenoviridae Infections / Rotavirus / Diarrhea, Infantile / Anti-Bacterial Agents Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male / Infant, Newborn Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. gastroenterol. Perú Year: 2012 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza/PE / Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia/PE

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Rotavirus Infections / Adenoviridae Infections / Rotavirus / Diarrhea, Infantile / Anti-Bacterial Agents Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Infant / Male / Infant, Newborn Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. gastroenterol. Perú Year: 2012 Type: Article Institution/Affiliation country: Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza/PE / Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia/PE