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Epidemiological characteristics and HIV-related oral lesions observed in patients from a Southern Brazilian city / Características epidemiológicas e das lesões bucais associadas ao HIV observadas em pacientes de uma cidade sul-brasileira
Petruzzi, Maria Noel Marzano R; Salum, Fernanda Gonçalves; Cherubini, Karen; Figueiredo, Maria Antonia Z.
  • Petruzzi, Maria Noel Marzano R; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Salum, Fernanda Gonçalves; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Cherubini, Karen; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre. BR
  • Figueiredo, Maria Antonia Z; Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre. BR
Rev. odonto ciênc ; 27(2): 115-120, 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-649734
ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:

To assess the epidemiological characteristics and associated oral lesions of HIV adult carriers in a southern Brazilian city.

METHODS:

A retrospective survey was conducted to review the medical records of 534 patients treated at 5 referral health centers.

RESULTS:

Nearly 52% of the patient sample was male, 88.2% were older than 30 years of age, 58% had been diagnosed with an advanced stage of HIV disease and 78.1% presented rapid rates of HIV progression to AIDS. Harmful habits were common (31.9%), and 35% of the patients were unemployed. Approximately 60% of the subjects used highly active antiretroviral therapy. Tuberculosis was the most commonly observed systemic illness (18.5%), and oral candidiasis was the most prevalent lesion in the oral cavity (50%). A higher risk for tuberculosis onset was associated to illicit drugs use and oral candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia.

CONCLUSION:

The high prevalence of concurrent diseases and the rapid progression to AIDS highlight the need for early diagnosis and access to treatment. Professionals must be made aware about the onset of HIV-related oral lesions that would be helpful to diagnose HIV or serve as indicators of a worsening condition.
RESUMO

OBJETIVO:

Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico de portadores do HIV com manifestações estomatológicas em uma cidade sul brasileira.

METODOLOGIA:

Conduziu-se um estudo transversal, retrospectivo em 534 prontuários médicos de pacientes atendidos em 5 centros de referência.

RESULTADOS:

Cerca de 52% dos pacientes eram do gênero masculino; 88,2% eram maiores de 30 anos, 58% foram diagnosticados no estágio avançado da doença e 78,1% apresentaram rápida progressão para AIDS. A prática de hábitos nocivos foi comum (39,1%) e 35% estavam desempregados. Aproximadamente 60% dos sujeitos usavam terapia antirretroviral composta. A tuberculose foi a doença sistêmica mais comumente observada (18,5%) e a candidíase bucal a manifestação estomatológica mais prevalente (50%). Um maior risco para a ocorrência de tuberculose foi observado nos portadores de candidíase bucal e leucoplasia pilosa que faziam uso de drogas ilícitas.

CONCLUSÃO:

A elevada prevalência de doenças oportunistas e a rápida progressão para AIDS suscitam maior atenção para o diagnóstico precoce e acesso ao tratamento. Os profissionais devem ser alertados sobre a ocorrência de lesões bucais associadas ao HIV, pois podem sugerir a presença de infecção pelo vírus ou indicar uma pior condição de saúde do paciente.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Epidemiology / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Developing Countries / Diagnosis, Oral Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. odonto ciênc Journal subject: Dentistry Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Epidemiology / Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Developing Countries / Diagnosis, Oral Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: English Journal: Rev. odonto ciênc Journal subject: Dentistry Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul/BR