In vitro susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum Welch field isolates to infusions prepared from Artemisia annua L. cultivated in the Brazilian Amazon
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
;
107(7): 859-866, Nov. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: lil-656040
ABSTRACT
Artemisinin is the active antimalarial compound obtained from the leaves of Artemisia annua L. Artemisinin, and its semi-synthetic derivatives, are the main drugs used to treat multi-drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum (one of the human malaria parasite species). The in vitro susceptibility of P. falciparum K1 and 3d7 strains and field isolates from the state of Amazonas, Brazil, to A. annua infusions (5 g dry leaves in 1 L of boiling water) and the drug standards chloroquine, quinine and artemisinin were evaluated. The A. annua used was cultivated in three Amazon ecosystems (várzea, terra preta de índio and terra firme) and in the city of Paulínia, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Artemisinin levels in the A. annua leaves used were 0.90-1.13% (m/m). The concentration of artemisinin in the infusions was 40-46 mg/L. Field P. falciparum isolates were resistant to chloroquine and sensitive to quinine and artemisinin. The average 50% inhibition concentration values for A. annua infusions against field isolates were 0.11-0.14 μL/mL (these infusions exhibited artemisinin concentrations of 4.7-5.6 ng/mL) and were active in vitro against P. falciparum due to their artemisinin concentration. No synergistic effect was observed for artemisinin in the infusions.
Full text:
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Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Plasmodium falciparum
/
Plant Extracts
/
Artemisia annua
/
Antimalarials
Country/Region as subject:
South America
/
Brazil
Language:
English
Journal:
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz
Journal subject:
Tropical Medicine
/
Parasitology
Year:
2012
Type:
Article
/
Project document
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental/BR
/
Fundação de Medicina Tropical Heitor Vieira Dourado/BR
/
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia/BR
/
Universidade Estadual de Campinas/BR
/
Universidade Federal do Amazonas/BR
/
Universidade do Estado do Amazonas/BR
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