Influência do estado nutricional no risco para transtornos alimentares em estudantes de nutrição / Influence of the nutritional status in the risk of eating disorders among female university students of nutrition: eating patterns and nutritional status

RESUMO

Avaliar a relação entre a alteração do comportamento alimentar, associado à insatisfação com a imagem corporal, e o estado nutricional de universitárias de Nutrição. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com 175 universitárias do Curso de Nutrição (ENUT/UFOP). Foram aplicados os questionários Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) e o Body Shape Questionare (BSQ) e realizadas medidas antropométricas. 21,7% das estudantes apresentaram alto risco para transtornos alimentares e 13,7% apresentaram insatisfação com a imagem corporal. A maioria das estudantes com BSQ e EAT-26 positivos estava eutrófica. As estudantes com excesso de peso, aumento do percentual de gordura corporal (% GC) e do perímetro da cintura (PC) apresentaram risco 5 a 9 vezes maiores de alteração do comportamento alimentar. Houve associação positiva entre os parâmetros antropométricos com a pontuação dos questionários EAT-26 e BSQ. Futuras nutricionistas com excesso de peso apresentaram maior risco de estarem insatisfeitas com a sua imagem corporal e de desenvolverem transtornos alimentares. A utilização de outros parâmetros antropométricos, além do IMC, pode ser útil na triagem de indivíduos suscetíveis ao surgimento de preocupações excessivas com o peso corporal e a alimentação.

ABSTRACT

The scope of this paper was to evaluate the relationship between changes in eating behavior associated with dissatisfaction with body image, and the nutritional status of female university students of nutrition. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 175 female students of nutrition (ENUT/UFOP). The Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) were applied and anthropometric measurements were taken. 21.7% of the students were found to be high risk in terms of eating disorders, and 13.7% declared dissatisfaction with their body image. The majority of students with positive results in the BSQ and EAT-26 tests were eutrophic. The students who were overweight, with elevated body fat percentage (% BF) and waist circumference (WC) had a 5-9 times greater risk of change in eating habits. There was a positive association between the anthropometric parameters with high scores in the EAT-26 and BSQ questionnaires. The future dietitians who are overweight, with increased body fat and waist circumference were more likely to be dissatisfied with their body image and develop eating disorders. The use of other anthropometric parameters, in addition to BMI, may prove useful in screening individuals susceptible to the emergence of excessive concerns with weight and diet.