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Chemical and genetic diversity among some wild stands of Calligonum polygonoides (Polygonaceae) from the Thar Desert of Rajasthan
K. Vyas, Govind; Kumar, Vinod; Sharma, R.; Sharma, R.A.; Sharma, S.; Singh, J.P.; Kumar, Sushil.
  • K. Vyas, Govind; SK Rajasthan Agricultural University. Plant Biotechnology Centre. IN
  • Kumar, Vinod; SK Rajasthan Agricultural University. Plant Biotechnology Centre. IN
  • Sharma, R.; SK Rajasthan Agricultural University. Plant Biotechnology Centre. IN
  • Sharma, R.A.; SK Rajasthan Agricultural University. Plant Biotechnology Centre. IN
  • Sharma, S.; SK Rajasthan Agricultural University. Plant Biotechnology Centre. IN
  • Singh, J.P.; SK Rajasthan Agricultural University. Plant Biotechnology Centre. IN
  • Kumar, Sushil; SK Rajasthan Agricultural University. Plant Biotechnology Centre. IN
Rev. biol. trop ; 60(3): 1097-1108, Sept. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-659572
ABSTRACT
The arid Western Rajasthan, where the Thar Desert of India is immersed, is mostly covered by sand dunes, a common landscape. The region has confronted with fragilities of natural resources, low, erratic and ill-distributed rainfall, and is covered up with many perennial hardy shrubs. Calligonum polygonoides, the most common perennial shrub, is widely present in some localities of this Thar Desert. In this study, we evaluated the diversity present among 54 wild Calligonum polygonoides plants, sampled from eight different locations within the Thar Desert. Our methods included chemical/nutritional characteristics and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Both chemical and molecular methods produced wider range of diversity, however, RAPD detected comparatively more diversity. A total of 163 band positions were produced by ten RAPD primers, of which 147 were found polymorphic with 90.18% polymorphism. RAPD-based Jaccard’s similarity coefficients ranged from 0.43-0.89. The analysis of various chemical and mineral constituents revealed that phog is an excellent source of calcium, potassium and phosphorous while relatively poor in zinc. Among minerals, average potassium content was found maximum (2 430mg/100g) with 0.14 CV. Zinc was observed comparably less in quantity while highest variable with CV 0.73. The chemical-based Manhattan dissimilarity coefficient values ranged from 0.01-0.22 with an average of 0.12. The comparison of the clusters obtained based on the chemical and mineral parameters with those of the RAPD data showed that the groups formed in both cases showed different patterns of relationships among the samples. Broader range of diversity might be due to the out breeding behavior of C. polygonoides and indicates the good adaptability of the plants in the region studied. However, low diversity observed in the Bikaner province is alarming and suggests that anthropogenic activities leading to heavy population disturbances can affect the genetic composition of the species in a considerable way.
RESUMEN
El árido Rajastán occidental, en donde está inmerso el desierto de Thar en la India, está cubierto principalmente por dunas de arena, un paisaje común. La región ha enfrentado la fragilidad de los recursos naturales, las lluvias escasas, irregulares y mala distribución, y está cubierta con muchos arbustos resistentes perennes. Calligonum polygonoides, el arbusto perenne más común, se encuentra ampliamente en algunas localidades del desierto de Thar. En este estudio, se evaluó la diversidad presente entre 54 plantas silvestres de Calligonum polygonoides, de ocho localidades diferentes del desierto de Thar. Nuestros métodos incluyen características químicas/nutricionales y ADN polimórfico amplificado (RAPD) al azar. Ambos métodos químicos y moleculares producen un amplio rango de la diversidad, sin embargo, RAPD detectó comparativamente mayor diversidad. Un total de 163 posiciones de la banda fueron producidos por diez cebadores RAPD, de los cuales 147 se encontraron polimórficos con un 90.18% de polimorfismo. El coeficiente de RAPD basado en la similitud de Jaccard varió desde 0.43 hasta 0.89. El análisis de varios constituyentes químicos y minerales reveló que Calligonum polygonoides es una excelente fuente de calcio, potasio y fósforo mientras que es relativamente pobre en zinc. Entre los minerales, el contenido de potasio promedio se encontró como máximo (2 430mg/100g), con 0.14 CV. El zinc se observó comparativamente menor en cantidad, pero presentó la mayor variabilidad con CV 0.73. El valor del coefficente de disimilitud de Manhattan varió en un rango de 0.01 hasta 0.22 con un promedio de 0.12. La comparación de los grupos obtenidos según los parámetros químicos y minerales con las de los datos de RAPD mostró que los grupos formados en ambos casos mostraron patrones diferentes de relaciones entre las muestras. Una gama más amplia de la diversidad podría ser debido al comportamiento reproductivo C polygonoides e indica la buena adaptabilidad ...
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Genetic Variation / Polygonaceae Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Rev. biol. trop Journal subject: Biology / Tropical Medicine Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: India Institution/Affiliation country: SK Rajasthan Agricultural University/IN

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Genetic Variation / Polygonaceae Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Rev. biol. trop Journal subject: Biology / Tropical Medicine Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: India Institution/Affiliation country: SK Rajasthan Agricultural University/IN