Frecuencia de aislamientos de Mannheimia haemolytica y Pasteurella multocida en becerras con signos clínicos de enfermedad respiratoria, en un complejo lechero del estado de Hidalgo, México / Frequency of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida isolates obtained from calves with clinical signs of respiratory tract disease from a dairy complex in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico

ABSTRACT

Mannheimia hemolytica (Mh) and Pasteurella multocida (Pm) strains obtained from bovine nasal discharge of clinically affected by respiratory tract disease calves, were isolated and characterized to estimate the isolation frequency in a dairy complex in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico, over a period of five months by means of a transsectional descriptive study. Strains were isolated and typified through selective media and biochemical tests. Chi-square or Fisher's statistical tests were applied, as well as odds ratio calculation and logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association of some variables on Mh and Pm isolation. Of the 239 calves younger than 1 year of age researched, in 84 (35.14%) Mh or Pm was isolated, 67 (28.03%) of them with Mh and 17 (7.11%) with Pm, in eight calves (3.10%) both microorganisms were isolated. Potential risk factors such as housing, treatment and vaccination were evaluated. The frequency of Mh isolates was higher than the Pm in calf accommodations individual housing or in group housing (P ≤ 0.05); similarly, the frequency of Mh and Pm isolates together were higher in not vaccinated against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (OR = 2.93, P ≤ 0.05), bovine viral diarrhea (OR = 4.26, P ≤ 0.05), parainfluenza 3 (OR = 2.68, P ≤ 0.05), bovine syncytial virus (OR = 2.36, P ≤ 0.05) and mannheimiosis (OR = 1.97, P ≤ 0.05). Calves housed in the stables and no vaccination against bovine viral diarrhea, were the variables that remained in the logistic regression model. Mh got the highest isolation rate in calf accommodations individual housing or in group housing, as well as in outdoors housing.

RESUMEN

Se determinó la frecuencia de Mannheimia haemolytica (Mh) y Pasteurella multocida (Pm) obtenidas de exudado nasal de becerras afectadas por enfermedad respiratoria, en un complejo lechero del estado de Hidalgo, México, evaluadas durante 5 meses en un estudio descriptivo transversal. El aislamiento e identificación se hizo mediante procedimientos selectivos y pruebas bioquímicas. Se evaluó la asociación de algunas variables con el aislamiento de Mh y Pm, mediante Ji cuadrada o Fisher, el cálculo de la razón de momios y el análisis de regresión logística. De 239 becerras menores de un año, estudiadas, en 84 (35.14%) se aisló Mh o Pm, de ellas, 67 (28.03%) con Mh y 17 (7.11%) con Pm; en 8 becerras (3.10%) se aislaron ambos microorganismos. Se evaluaron posibles factores de riesgo alojamiento, tratamiento y vacunación. La frecuencia de aislamientos de Mh fue mayor que la de Pm en becerras alojadas en becerreras o en corrales (P ≤ 0.05), o que estaban en becerreras a la intemperie (P ≤ 0.05), similarmente, la frecuencia de Mh y Pm juntas, fue mayor en becerras no vacunadas contra rinotraqueitis infecciosa bovina (RM = 2.93, P ≤ 0.05), diarrea viral bovina (RM = 4.26, P ≤ 0.05), parainfluenza 3PI3 (RM = 2.68, P ≤ 0.05), virus respiratorio sincitial bovino (RM = 2.36, P ≤ 0.05) y mannheimiosis (RM = 1.97, P ≤ 0.05). Las variables que permanecieron en el modelo de regresión fueron alojar las becerras en los establos y la no vacunación contra diarrea viral bovina. Mh presentó la mayor tasa de aislamientos en becerras alojadas tanto en becerreras individuales como en corrales o a la intemperie.