Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Sobrevida e complicações em idosos com doenças neurológicas em nutrição enteral / Occurrence of complications and survival rates in elderly with neurological disorders undergoing enteral nutrition therapy
Martins, Aline Stangherlin; Rezende, Nilton Alves de; Torres, Henrique Oswaldo da Gama.
  • Martins, Aline Stangherlin; UFMG. Belo Horizonte. BR
  • Rezende, Nilton Alves de; UFMG. Belo Horizonte. BR
  • Torres, Henrique Oswaldo da Gama; UFMG. Belo Horizonte. BR
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 58(6): 691-697, nov.-dez. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-659818
RESUMO

OBJETIVO:

Avaliar a sobrevida e complicações de pacientes idosos com doenças neurológicas em uso de nutrição enteral (NE).

MÉTODOS:

Avaliaram-se pacientes acima de 60 anos acompanhados pelo serviço de atenção domiciliar de um plano de saúde de Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. A avaliação ocorreu no domicílio após a alta hospitalar com NE, após três e seis meses e ao término do estudo. Foram realizadas avaliação nutricional, coleta de dados em prontuários e entrevistas com familiares ou cuidadores.

RESULTADOS:

Foram avaliados 79 pacientes, idade 82,9 ± 10,4 anos, 49,4% com demência e 50,6% com outros diagnósticos neurológicos, 100% com elevado grau de dependência avaliada pelo índice de Katz. A maioria dos pacientes (91,2%) apresentou complicações (pneumonia, perda da sonda, diarreia, constipação, vômito, extravasamento periostomia, obstrução da sonda, refluxo e miíase). Pneumonia foi a mais frequente, ocorrendo em 55,9%. A mortalidade foi de 15,2% aos três meses, 22,8% aos 6 meses e 43% ao término do estudo. A mediana de sobrevida após iniciada a NE foi de 364 dias. Não se observaram diferenças entre mortalidade e diagnóstico neurológico, vias de acesso de NE e complicações. A sobrevida foi menor em pacientes com estado nutricional inadequado e albumina < 3,5 mg/dL.

CONCLUSÃO:

A população acompanhada apresentou elevada taxa de complicações e óbito ao término do estudo. Os diagnósticos de demência, vias de acesso de NE e complicações não influenciaram a sobrevida. Entretanto, estado nutricional inadequado, de acordo com a avaliação clínica, e albumina inferior a 3,5 mg/dL influenciaram significativamente a sobrevida.
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To evaluate the occurrence of complications, as well as the survival rates, in elderly people having neurological diseases and undergoing enteral nutrition therapy (ENT).

METHODS:

Patients aged over 60 years, assisted by a home medical service from a healthcare plan in the city of Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, were thoroughly evaluated. The mentioned evaluation occurred at their homes after hospital discharge with enteral nutrition (EN) after a three-month period, a six-month period, and at the end of the study. A nutritional assessment was performed along with data collection performed on the patients' electronic medical records, and interviews performed with patients' family members and caregivers.

RESULTS:

Seventy-nine patients aged 82.9 ± 10.4 years old were evaluated; of these, 49.4% presented dementia, and 50.6% presented other neurological diagnoses. 100% of patients presented a high dependence level, assessed by the Katz index. The majority of patients (91.2%) presented some complications such as pneumonia, catheter loss, diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, fluid leakage, periostotomy, tube obstruction, reflux, and myiasis. Pneumonia was the most frequent complication, occurring in 55.9% of cases. The mortality rates were 15.2% at a three-month period, 22.8% at a six-month period, and 43% at the end of study. The median survival after starting EN was 364 days. Differences among the mortality rate and neurological diagnosis, EN routes of access, and complications were not observed. The survival rate was lower in patients having inadequate nutritional status and albumin levels < 3.5 mg/dL.

Conclusion:

The population followed presented a high rate of complications and death at the end of the study. Diagnosis of dementia, EN routes of access, as well as complications, did not influence the survival rates. However, inadequate nutritional status according to the clinical assessment and albumin levels lower than 3.5 mg/dL significantly influenced the survival rates.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Deglutition Disorders / Enteral Nutrition / Home Care Services / Nervous System Diseases Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: UFMG/BR

Similar

MEDLINE

...
LILACS

LIS


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Deglutition Disorders / Enteral Nutrition / Home Care Services / Nervous System Diseases Type of study: Diagnostic study / Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Aged / Aged80 / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Journal: Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: UFMG/BR