Esfinterotomía endoscópica y litiatis biliar / Endoscopic sphincterotomy and biliary litiatis

RESUMEN

Se realizo un análisis retrospectivo en 5754 protocolos de CPRE seleccionando aquellos cuyo diagnóstico endoscópico fue la litiasis biliar. Quedaron para su estudio un total de 1878 protocolos de CPRE (33%), 947 (50%) eran portadores de litiasis residual del colédoco, 675 (36%) tenían litiasis coledociana con vesícula en situ y 256 (14%) presentaban solamente litiasis vesicular. 1118 (69%) pertenecían al sexo femenino, 504 (31%) al masculino. Se les realizo esfinterotomía endoscópica como proceder básico a 1377 (84,9%), de ellos, 1359 (99,87%) se les realizo extracción de los cálculos, 164 (11,9%) necesitaron colocación de endoprótesis en la VBP, 67 (4,13%) del total de 1622 pacientes se les realizó pre-corte de tipo terapéutico y a 22 (1,35%) de tipo diagnóstico. A 28 (1,7%) enfermos se les realizo litotricia mecánica y a 11 (0,67%) se les dejo colocada una sonda nasobiliar como solución paliativa. Presentamos un total de 39 complicaciones de 1622 CPRE terapéuticas analizadas (2,40%), de ellas 15 fatales. Se concluye que la esfinterotomía es un proceder eficaz en la solución de la litiasis biliar, pero no está exenta de riesgos...

ABSTRACT

A retrospective analysis was conducted in 5754 ERCP protocols; selecting those of whose endoscopic diagnosis was biliary lithiasis. A total of 1878 protocols of ERCP (33%) were left for study; 947 (50%) had residual lithiasis of the common bile duct, 675 (36%) had common bile duct stones with gallbladder in situ and 256 (14%) had only biliary lithiasis. 1118 (69%) were female and 504 (31%) were men. Endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed as a basic procedure to 1377 (84.9%), of which, 1359 (99.87%) underwent stone removal, 164 (11.9%) required endoprosthesis in the Principal Biliary Tree (abbreviated to VBP in Spanish) 67 patients (4.13%) and 22 (1.35%) of a total of 1622 patients, underwent therapeutic and diagnostic pre-cut, respectively. Mechanical lithotripsy was conducted in 28 (1.7%) patients and a nasobiliary stent was left in place on 11 (0.67%) patients as a palliative solution. We present a total of 39 complications of 1622 therapeutic ERCP analyzed (2.40%), of which, 15 were fatal. It is concluded that sphincterotomy is an effective procedure in the solution of biliary lithiasis, but is not risk exempted...