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The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Contributions to the Cardiac Plexus: a Fetal Study / Contribuciones Simpáticas y Parasimpáticas al Plexo Cardíaco: Estudio Fetal
De Gama, B. Z; Lazarus, L; Partab, P; Satyapal, K. S.
  • De Gama, B. Z; University of KwaZulu-Natal. College of Health Sciences. School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Anatomy. Durban. ZA
  • Lazarus, L; University of KwaZulu-Natal. College of Health Sciences. School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Anatomy. Durban. ZA
  • Partab, P; University of KwaZulu-Natal. College of Health Sciences. School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Anatomy. Durban. ZA
  • Satyapal, K. S; University of KwaZulu-Natal. College of Health Sciences. School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences. Department of Clinical Anatomy. Durban. ZA
Int. j. morphol ; 30(4): 1569-1576, dic. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-670181
ABSTRACT
The cardiac plexus is formed by sympathetic nerves originating from the superior, middle, inferior cervical or cervicothoracic ganglia as well as from the first to the fifth thoracic ganglia. Furthermore, the vagus nerve and its counterpart, the recurrent laryngeal nerve supply the cardiac plexus with parasympathetic cardiac nerves. This investigation aimed to review and record the medial contributions of the cervical ganglia, first to fifth thoracic ganglia and medial contributions of the vagus and recurrent laryngeal nerves to the cardiac plexus. The study involved bilateral micro-dissection of forty cadaveric fetal specimens (n=80). The origins of sympathetic contributions to the cardiac plexus were described as either ganglionic, inter-ganglionic or from both the ganglion and the inter-ganglionic sympathetic chain. The number of cervical sympathetic ganglia varied from two to five in this study; the superior cervical ganglion was constant while the middle cervical, vertebral, inferior cervical or cervicothoracic ganglia were variable. The prevalence of cardiac nerves were as follows superior cervical cardiac nerve (95%); middle cervical cardiac nerve (73%); vertebral cardiac nerve (41%); inferior cervical cardiac nerve (21%) and cervicothoracic cardiac nerve (24%). This investigation records the thoracic caudal limit of the thoracic sympathetic contributions to the cardiac plexus as the T5 ganglion. The findings of this study highlight the importance of understanding the medial sympathetic contributions and their variations to the cardiac plexus as this may assist surgeons during minimal access surgical procedures, sympathectomies, pericardiectomies and in the management of diseases like Raynaud's Phenomenon and angina pectoris.
RESUMEN
El plexo cardíaco está formado por los nervios simpáticos procedentes de los ganglios cervicales superior, medio e inferior o cervicotorácico, así como los ganglios torácicos desde el primero al quinto. Por otra parte, el nervio vago y su contraparte, el nervio laríngeo recurrente suministra al plexo cardíaco nervios cardíacos parasimpático. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo revisar y registrar las contribuciones mediales de los ganglios cervicales, ganglios torácicos del primero al quinto ganglios y contribuciones mediales de los nervios laríngeos recurrentes y vagos en el plexo cardíaco. Se realizó la micro-disección bilateral de cuarenta especímenes cadavéricos fetales (n = 80). Los orígenes de las contribuciones simpáticas hacia el plexo cardíaco se describen de forma independiente como ganglionar o inter-ganglionar, o desde ambos ganglios y la cadena simpática interganglionar. El número de ganglios simpáticos cervicales varió de dos a cinco; el ganglio cervical superior fue constante, mientras que los ganglios medio-cervical, vertebral, cervical inferior o cervicotorácico fueron variables. La prevalencia de los nervios cardíacos fueron nervio cardíaco cervical superior (95%); nervio cardíaco cervical medio (73%); nervio cardiaco vertebral (41%); nervio cardíaco cervical inferior (21%) y nervio cardíaco cervicotorácico (24% ). La investigación registró el límite torácico caudal de las contribuciones torácicas simpáticos al plexo cardíaco como el ganglio T5. Los resultados de este estudio muestran la importancia de comprender las contribuciones simpáticas mediales y sus variaciones en el plexo cardíaco, ya que podrían ayudar a los cirujanos durante los procedimientos quirúrgicos mínimanente invasivos, simpatectomías, pericardiectomías y en el manejo de enfermedades como el fenómeno de Raynaud y la angina de pecho.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Fetal Heart / Ganglia, Parasympathetic / Ganglia, Sympathetic Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int. j. morphol Journal subject: Anatomy Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: South Africa Institution/Affiliation country: University of KwaZulu-Natal/ZA

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Fetal Heart / Ganglia, Parasympathetic / Ganglia, Sympathetic Type of study: Risk factors Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int. j. morphol Journal subject: Anatomy Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: South Africa Institution/Affiliation country: University of KwaZulu-Natal/ZA