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Acetaminophen overdose in Jamaica / Sobredosis de acetaminofén en Jamaica
Mills, MO; Lee, MG.
  • Mills, MO; The University of the West Indies. Department of Medicine. West Indies. JM
  • Lee, MG; The University of the West Indies. Department of Medicine. West Indies. JM
West Indian med. j ; 57(2): 132-134, Mar. 2008. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672320
ABSTRACT
Acetaminophen is a dose dependent hepatotoxin which is frequently associated with intentional self-harm. Forty-nine cases of parasuicide attempts involving paracetamol only or in combination with another drug were treated at the UHWI, Jamaica, between 1994-2004. The majority were women (84%) and the mean age was 23 years. Acetaminophen was the only agent ingested in 71% of cases; 29% involved an additional drug. Patients presented an average of 6.5 hours after ingestion (range 1-45 hours). Serum transaminases were elevated in 18% of cases and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) therapy given in 55%. The mean duration of hospitalization was three days. One patient developed liver failure and there were no deaths. Education of the public and medical profession is needed to increase awareness of the potential toxic effects of acetaminophen overdose. N-acetylcysteine therapy should be given early in suspected cases.
RESUMEN
El acetaminofén es una hepatotoxina dosis-dependiente, frecuentemente asociada con intenciones auto-destructivas. Cuarenta y nueve casos de intentos parasuicidas que involucraban paracetamol o combinación con otra droga, fueron tratados en el UHWI, Jamaica, entre 1994-2004. En la mayoría de los casos se trataba de mujeres (84%) y la edad promedio fue 23 años. El acetaminofén fue el único agente ingerido en 71% de los casos; 29% involucraron un medicamento adicional. Las transaminasas en suero fueron elevadas en 18% de los casos y se aplicó terapia de N-acetilcisteína en el 55% de los casos. La duración promedio de hospitalización fue de tres días. Uno de los pacientes tuvo un fallo hepático y no hubo muertes. Se requiere la educación del público y la profesión médica a fin de aumentar la conciencia sobre los efectos tóxicos potenciales de la sobredosis de acetaminofén. La terapia con N-acetilcisteína (NAC) debe aplicarse tan pronto como el caso despierte sospecha.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Suicide, Attempted / Liver Failure, Acute / Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Acetaminophen Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Jamaica Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica Institution/Affiliation country: The University of the West Indies/JM

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Suicide, Attempted / Liver Failure, Acute / Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Acetaminophen Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Jamaica Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica Institution/Affiliation country: The University of the West Indies/JM