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Management of obstetric anal sphincter injuries at the University Hospital of the West Indies / Tratamiento de las lesiones obstétricas del esfínter anal en el Hospital Universitario de West Indies
Cawich, SO; Mitchell, DIG; Martin, A; Brown, H; DaCosta, VE; Lewis, T; Newnham, M; Christie, L.
  • Cawich, SO; University of the West Indies. Section of Anatomy. Departments of Basic Medical Sciences. Kingston 7. JM
  • Mitchell, DIG; University of the West Indies. Section of Anatomy. Departments of Basic Medical Sciences. Kingston 7. JM
  • Martin, A; University of the West Indies. Section of Anatomy. Departments of Basic Medical Sciences. Kingston 7. JM
  • Brown, H; University of the West Indies. Section of Anatomy. Departments of Basic Medical Sciences. Kingston 7. JM
  • DaCosta, VE; University of the West Indies. Section of Anatomy. Departments of Basic Medical Sciences. Kingston 7. JM
  • Lewis, T; University of the West Indies. Section of Anatomy. Departments of Basic Medical Sciences. Kingston 7. JM
  • Newnham, M; University of the West Indies. Section of Anatomy. Departments of Basic Medical Sciences. Kingston 7. JM
  • Christie, L; University of the West Indies. Section of Anatomy. Departments of Basic Medical Sciences. Kingston 7. JM
West Indian med. j ; 57(5): 482-485, Nov. 2008. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672403
ABSTRACT
Up to 6% of women sustain severe perineal lacerations that involve the anal sphincters during vaginal delivery. When they occur, obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASI) may be accompanied by significant morbidity. Therefore, it is important to detect these injuries promptly and for experienced staff to perform sound repair. This report retrospectively assesses a series of seven women with OASI who were managed at a tertiary level hospital in Jamaica over a period of 28 months. Unfavourable details of management that may have adversely affected outcomes were sought from the various cases treated. The incidence of OASI was low (0.2%). There were five third degree and two fourth degree lacerations. After these injuries were repaired, three patients (43%) experienced morbidity such as chronic pelvic pain (43%), anal incontinence (29%), dyspareunia (23%) and recto-vaginal fistulae (14%). In order to improve the outcomes at this institution, several aspects of current care can be improved. Operative repair of these injuries should be delayed until senior staff is available to supervise OASI repair. Both methods of sphincter repair are reasonable options but the use of rapidly absorbable sutures is not appropriate. Finally, prophylaxis against wound infections can be achieved by administering a single dose of intravenous second or third generation cephalosporin at the time of induction of anaesthesia.
RESUMEN
Hasta el 6% de las mujeres sufren desgarramientos perineales severos que involucran los esfínteres anales durante el parto vaginal. Cuando ocurren, las lesiones obstétricas del esfínter anal (OASI) pueden estar acompañadas por morbilidad significativa. Por consiguiente, es importante descubrir estas lesiones rápidamente, para que el personal experimentado lleve a cabo una buena reparación quirúrgica. Este informe evalúa retrospectivamente una serie de siete mujeres con OASI, tratadas en un hospital de nivel terciario en Jamaica, durante un periodo de 28 meses. Se buscaron detalles desfavorables del tratamiento que puedan haber afectado adversamente la evolución clínica de los varios casos tratados. La incidencia de las OASI fue baja (0.2%). Hubo cinco desgarramientos de tercer grado y dos laceraciones de cuarto grado. Después de que estas lesiones fueron reparadas, tres pacientes (43%) experimentaron morbilidad, tal como dolor pélvico crónico (43%), incontinencia anal (29%), dispareunia (23%) y fístulas recto-vaginales (14%). A fin de mejorar los resultados clínicos en esta institución, pueden mejorarse varios aspectos del cuidado actual. La reparación operativa de estas lesiones debe retardarse hasta que esté disponible un personal de experiencia para supervisar la reparación de la OASI. Ambos métodos de reparación del esfínter constituyen opciones razonables, pero el uso de suturas rápidamente absorbibles no es apropiado. Finalmente, puede lograrse la profiláxis contra las infecciones de las heridas, administrando una sola dosis de cefalosporina intravenosa de segunda o tercera generación en el momento de inducción de la anestesia.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Anal Canal / Surgical Wound Infection / Wounds and Injuries / Delivery, Obstetric Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: Caribbean Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica Institution/Affiliation country: University of the West Indies/JM

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Anal Canal / Surgical Wound Infection / Wounds and Injuries / Delivery, Obstetric Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Country/Region as subject: Caribbean Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2008 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica Institution/Affiliation country: University of the West Indies/JM