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Co-morbidity of alcohol dependence and select affective and anxiety disorders among individuals of East Indian and African ancestry in Trinidad and Tobago / La comorbilidad de la dependencia del alcohol y trastornos particulares de la afectividad y de ansiedad entre individuos de ascendencia indooriental en Trinidad y Tobago
Shafe, S; Gilder, DA; Montane-Jaime, LK; Joseph, R; Moore, S; Crooks, H; Ramcharam, C; Ehlers, CL.
  • Shafe, S; The Scripps Research Institute. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department. La Jolla. US
  • Gilder, DA; The Scripps Research Institute. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department. La Jolla. US
  • Montane-Jaime, LK; The Scripps Research Institute. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department. La Jolla. US
  • Joseph, R; The Scripps Research Institute. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department. La Jolla. US
  • Moore, S; The Scripps Research Institute. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department. La Jolla. US
  • Crooks, H; The Scripps Research Institute. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department. La Jolla. US
  • Ramcharam, C; The Scripps Research Institute. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department. La Jolla. US
  • Ehlers, CL; The Scripps Research Institute. Molecular and Integrative Neuroscience Department. La Jolla. US
West Indian med. j ; 58(2): 164-172, Mar. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672462
ABSTRACT
The present study sought to determine whether an association exists between alcohol dependence and select affective and anxiety disorders in patients presenting at substance abuse centres in Trinidad and Tobago (TT). The participants in this study were 143 alcohol dependents, of either East Indian ancestry (Indo-TT) or African ancestry (Afro-TT) and 109 controls matched by age, gender and ethnicity. A structured interview was used to gather information on demographics, psychiatric diagnoses and personal drinking and drug use. A blood sample was obtained and used to genotype for the presence of ADH and ALDH1 polymorphisms and serum levels of hepatic enzymes. Forty-one per cent of Indo-TT and 37% of Afro-TT with alcohol dependence had co-morbid major depressive disorders independent of alcohol and/or drug use. Thirty-nine per cent of Indo-TT and 37% of Afro-TT with alcohol dependence had co-morbid major depression induced by alcohol or drug use. The severity of depression was significantly associated with severity of alcohol dependence. Neither major depression nor the severity of depressive episodes was associated with values of any liver function test or the presence of ALDH1*2 or ADH1C*2 alleles. However, in participants of African descent elevated alanine transaminase ALT was associated (p = 0.038) with not having substance-induced major depression. Co-morbidity of major depressive disorder with alcohol dependence is common in the two major ethnic groups in Trinidad and Tobago and appears to be as likely the consequence of drinking and/or drug use, as the cause. Clinicians should solicit a history of depression from patients with alcohol dependence.
RESUMEN
El presente estudio busca determinar si existe una asociación entre la dependencia del alcohol y trastornos particulares afectivos y de ansiedad en pacientes que acuden a centros de abuso de sustancia en Trinidad Tobago (TT). Los participantes en este estudio fueron 143 personas dependientes del alcohol, quienes eran bien de ascendencia indo-oriental (indo-trinitenses), o bien de ascendencia africana (afro-trinitenses), y 109 controles apareados por edad, género y etnicidad. Se usó una entrevista estructurada a fin de recoger información sobre demografía, diagnóstico psiquiátrico, así como el consumo personal de drogas y alcohol. Una muestra de sangre fue obtenida y usada para un genotipado en busca de la presencia de polimorfismos ADH y ALDH1 así como de los niveles de sueros de las enzimas hepáticas. El cuarenta y uno por ciento de los indotrinitenses y el 37% de los afrotrinitenses con dependencia de alcohol presentaban serios trastornos depresivos comórbidos, independientes del alcohol y/o uso de drogas. La severidad de la depresión estuvo asociada de manera significativa con la severidad del uso del alcohol. Ni la depresión seria ni la severidad de los episodios depresivos estuvieron asociadas con los valores de ninguna de las pruebas del funcionamiento del hígado o la presencia de alelos de ALDH1*2 o ADH1C*2. Sin embargo, en participantes de ascendencia africana, la elevada alanina transaminasa (ALT), estuvo asociada (p = 0.038) con el no tener una depresión seria inducida por sustancia. La comorbilidad del trastorno depresivo severo con dependencia del alcohol, es común en los dos grupos étnicos principales de Trinidad y Tobago, y parece ser probablemente tanto la causa como la consecuencia de darse a la bebida y/o al uso de drogas. Los clínicos debían pedir a sus pacientes con dependencia de alcohol, una historia de su depresión.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Anxiety Disorders / Mood Disorders / Alcoholism Type of study: Qualitative research Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Asia / English Caribbean / Trinidad and Tobago Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: United States Institution/Affiliation country: The Scripps Research Institute/US

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Anxiety Disorders / Mood Disorders / Alcoholism Type of study: Qualitative research Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Asia / English Caribbean / Trinidad and Tobago Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: United States Institution/Affiliation country: The Scripps Research Institute/US