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Profile of tuberculous meningitis with or without HIV infection and the predicators of adverse outcome / Perfil de la meningitis tuberculosa con o sin infección por VIH y predictores de la evolución clínica adversa
Bandyopadhyay, SK; Bandyopadhyay, R; Dutta, A.
  • Bandyopadhyay, SK; Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital. Department of Medicine. IN
  • Bandyopadhyay, R; Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital. Department of Medicine. IN
  • Dutta, A; Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital. Department of Medicine. IN
West Indian med. j ; 58(6): 589-592, Dec. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672547
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

To compare the clinical, radiological and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings, at hospital admission, among adult patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) with or without HIV infection and to identify the factors that predict adverse outcome at six months.

METHODS:

A total of 82 adult patients with TBM were included (40 HIV-positive and 42 HIV-negative). Several clinical (duration of illness, Glasgow Coma Scale score, presence of high temperature, headache, cranial nerve or sphincter abnormality, seizures and endocrine dysfunction), radiological (presence of hydrocephalus, cerebral infarction and oedema, meningeal enhancement, granuloma) and cerebrospinal fluid parameters (glucose, protein, lactate, lymphocytes, neutrophils and adenosine deaminase values) were recorded along with CD4 count in the peripheral blood. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Individual variables were evaluated as prognostic factors for adverse outcome in both groups by calculating the relative risk of association for each.

RESULTS:

Temperature more than 38.33ºC was more common in the HIV-negative group while seizures, hydrocephalus, cerebral infarction and low CD4 count occurred significantly more commonly in the HIV-positive group. Hydrocephalus had strong association with severe neurological deficit and seizure with death in both the groups.

CONCLUSION:

Several clinical and laboratory features of TBM in patients who are HIV-positive are distinctly different from those without HIV infection; some of these have an association with the probability of adverse outcome.
RESUMEN

OBJETIVOS:

Comparar los hallazgos clínicos, radiológicos y del líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) entre pacientes adultos con meningitis tuberculosa (MTB) con o sin infección de VIH en su ingreso al hospital, e identificar los factores que predicen la evolución clínica adversa en seis meses.

MÉTODOS:

Un total de 82 pacientes adultos con MTB fueron incluidos (40 VIH positivos y 42 VIH negativos). Se registraron varios parámetros clínicos (duración de la enfermedad, puntuación de la Escala de Coma de Glasgow, presencia de alta temperatura, dolor de cabeza, anormalidad del esfínter o nervio craneal, o anormalidad del esfínter, convulsiones y disfunción endocrina); radiológicos (la presencia de hidrocefalia, infarto cerebral, edema, realce meníngeo, granuloma); y del líquido (glucosa, proteína, lactato, linfocitos, neutrófilos, y valores de adenosina deaminasa), junto con un conteo de CD4 en la sangre periférica. Se realizó un análisis estadístico usando la prueba de chi-cuadrado. La variable individual se evaluó como factor pronóstico de la evolución clínica en ambos, calculando el riesgo relativo de asociación para cada uno.

RESULTADOS:

Una temperatura de más de 38.33ºC fue más común en el grupo VIH negativo, mientras que convulsiones, hidrocefalia, infarto cerebral, y bajo conteo de CD4 ocurrieron significativamente más normalmente en el grupo VIH positivo. La hidrocefalia estuvo fuertemente asociada con un déficit neurológico severo y la convulsión con la muerte en ambos grupos.

CONCLUSIÓN:

Varias características clínicas y de laboratorio del MTB en pacientes que son VIH positivos, difieren claramente de aquellos con infección por VIH. Algunas de estas características se hallan asociadas con la probabilidad de una evolución clínica adversa.
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tuberculosis, Meningeal / HIV Infections Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: India Institution/Affiliation country: Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital/IN

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tuberculosis, Meningeal / HIV Infections Type of study: Etiology study / Observational study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Humans Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2009 Type: Article Affiliation country: India Institution/Affiliation country: Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital/IN