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Knowledge and practice of occupational infection control among healthcare workers in Jamaica / Conocimientos y práctica del control ocupacional de infecciones entre los trabajadores de la salud en Jamaica
Foster, TM; Lee, MG; McGaw, CD; Frankson, MA.
  • Foster, TM; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Departments of Medicine. Kingston 7. JM
  • Lee, MG; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Departments of Medicine. Kingston 7. JM
  • McGaw, CD; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Departments of Medicine. Kingston 7. JM
  • Frankson, MA; The University of the West Indies. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Departments of Medicine. Kingston 7. JM
West Indian med. j ; 59(2): 147-152, Mar. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672589
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To assess the knowledge, compliance and practice among healthcare workers of occupational infection control at two hospitals in Jamaica.

METHODS:

Employing a cross-sectional study design, medical personnel (physicians and nurses) at two hospitals in Jamaica, were studied, utilizing a structured questionnaire consisting of 14 items to collect the data.

RESULTS:

Participants considered the following fluids, not blood stained, high risk for HIV transmission breast milk (79%), saliva (14%), urine (27%), pleural fluid (53%), CSF (55%), synovial fluid (37%), faeces (27%), peritoneal fluid (53%) and vomitus (21%). The respondents estimated the risk of transmission of infection after a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV, mean 22.5%, HBV, 34% and HCV, 26%. Needles for drawing blood were identified as having the highest risk for transmission of infections in 63%. The following precautions were adhered to all the time wearing gloves (38%), not resheathing needles (22%), not passing needles directly to others (70%), properly disposing of sharps (86%) and regarding patients' blood and other high risk fluid as potentially infected (62%). Post exposure, 43% indicated bleeding/squeezing the NSI site as the initial first-aid procedure, washing with soap and water (29%) and irrigating the area with water (20%)

CONCLUSIONS:

Healthcare workers are aware of the risk of transmission of infection, however compliance with universal precautions was inadequate. An improvement in knowledge and practice with clear guidelines are needed and a comprehensive programme to educate HCWs regarding compliance with universal precautions is urgently required.
RESUMEN

OBJETIVO:

Evaluar los conocimientos, el cumplimiento de medidas, y la práctica entre los trabajadores de la salud encargados del control ocupacional de infecciones en dos hospitales en Jamaica.

MÉTODOS:

Empleando un diseño de estudio transversal, se estudió el personal médico (médicos y enfermeras) de dos hospitales en Jamaica. En el estudio se utilizó una encuesta estructurada de 14 puntos, para recoger los datos.

RESULTADOS:

Los participantes consideraron que los fluidos siguientes, no sanguinolentos, presentan un alto riesgo de transmisión de VIH leche materna (79%), saliva (14%), orina (27%), fluido pleural (53%), LCR (55%), fluido sinovial (37%), heces (27%), fluido peritoneal (53%) y vómito (21%). Los encuestados estimaron el riesgo de transmisión de infección después de una lesión por punción con aguja de un paciente con VIH, media 22.5%, VHB, 34% y VHC, 26%. Las agujas para extraer sangre fueron identificadas como el factor de mayor riesgo en la transmisión de infecciones, con 63%. Las precauciones siguientes se observaron todo el tiempo uso de guantes (38%), no recapar agujas usadas (22%), no pasar agujas directamente a otros (70%), eliminar adecuadamente los desechos cortopunzantes (86%), y considerar la sangre de los pacientes y otros fluidos de alto riesgo de los pacientes, como potencialmente infectados (62%). En cuanto a la post-exposición, el 43% indicó hacer sangrar/ejercer presión sobre el sitio de la LPA como el procedimiento inicial para los primeros auxilios, lavando con jabón y agua (29%) e irrigando el área con agua (20%)

CONCLUSIONES:

Los trabajadores de la salud tienen conciencia del riesgo de la transmisión de infecciones. No obstante, el cumplimiento de las medidas universales era inadecuado. Es necesario mejorar los conocimientos y las prácticas con normas claras, y se requiere con urgencia un programa integral para educar a los trabajadores de la salud en relación con el cumplimiento de las medidas universales.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Occupational Health / Infection Control / Allied Health Personnel Type of study: Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Jamaica Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2010 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica Institution/Affiliation country: The University of the West Indies/JM

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice / Occupational Health / Infection Control / Allied Health Personnel Type of study: Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Jamaica Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2010 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica Institution/Affiliation country: The University of the West Indies/JM