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An analysis of three opportunistic infections in an outpatient HIV Clinic in Jamaica / Análisis de tres infecciones oportunistas en un paciente externo de la Clínica de VIH en Jamaica
Barrow, G; Clarke, TR; Carrington, D; Harvey, K; Barton, EN.
  • Barrow, G; University Hospital of the West Indies. Education and Services. The Centre for HIV/AIDS Research.
  • Clarke, TR; University Hospital of the West Indies. Education and Services. The Centre for HIV/AIDS Research.
  • Carrington, D; University Hospital of the West Indies. Education and Services. The Centre for HIV/AIDS Research.
  • Harvey, K; University Hospital of the West Indies. Education and Services. The Centre for HIV/AIDS Research.
  • Barton, EN; University Hospital of the West Indies. Education and Services. The Centre for HIV/AIDS Research.
West Indian med. j ; 59(4): 393-399, July 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672645
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

To determine the occurrence of opportunistic infection (OI) in HIV-positive patients and to identify any risk factors which may be associated with such.

METHODS:

A cross-sectional study of all patients attending the HIV out-patient clinic was conducted. Their hospital notes were examined between January 1 and December 31, 2007 inclusive, to identify any occurrence of opportunistic infection. In addition, the patient list was also cross-referenced with all patients hospitalized on the medical wards during the same time period. Clinical and demographic data were collected for all participants. The occurrence of opportunistic infections and the variables of age, gender, CD4 counts and viral loads (first ever, last in 2007 and at diagnosis of OI [or within six months]), the use of primary and secondary prophylaxis, the discontinuation of prophylactic regimens and the HAART regime at diagnosis of an OI and the diagnostic and treatment protocols of these infections were calculated.

RESULTS:

Six hundred and three patients participated in the study and 4.7% (n = 28) were found to have experienced at least one opportunistic infection in 2007. Significant associations were found between first and last CD4 cell count, viral load in 2007, year of entry into the clinic and death (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

Opportunistic infections continue to cause significant morbidity and mortality in the HIV-patient population in this study. Earlier entry to treatment facilities and the use of HAART and appropriate prophylaxis can reduce this impact and lead to improved quality of life for HIV-positive individuals.
RESUMEN

OBJETIVOS:

Determinar la ocurrencia de infecciones oportunistas (IO) en pacientes VIH-positivos e identificar factores de riesgo que puedan estar asociados con ellas.

MÉTODOS:

Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal de todos los pacientes que asisten a la clínica externa de VIH. Sus apuntes de hospital fueron examinados entre el 1 de enero y el 31 de diciembre de 2007 inclusive, a fin de identificar cualquier manifestación de infección oportunista. Además, la lista de pacientes fue creada con referencias cruzadas en relación con todos los pacientes hospitalizados en las salas del hospital durante el periodo en cuestión. Se recogieron los datos clínicos y demográficos de todos los participantes. Se realizaron cálculos de la ocurrencia de infecciones oportunistas y las variables de edad, género, conteos de CD4 y las cargas virales (la primeray la última en 2007 y en el diagnóstico de IO [o dentro de seis meses]), el uso de profilaxis primaria y secundaria, la descontinuación de los regimenes profilácticos y el régimen de TARGA en el diagnóstico de una IO, así como los protocolos de diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas infecciones.

RESULTADOS:

Seiscientos tres pacientes participaron en el estudio y se halló que 4.7% (n = 28) habían parecido por lo menos una infección oportunista en 2007. Se hallaron asociaciones significativas entre elprimer y el último conteo celular CD4, la carga viral en el 2007, el ano de entrada en la clínica y la muerte (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONES:

Las infecciones oportunistas continúan siendo la causa de morbilidad y mortalidad significativas entre la población de pacientes de VIH de acuerdo a este estudio. El ingreso temprano a los centros de tratamiento y el uso de la terapia de TARGA así como una profilaxis adecuada, puede reducir este impacto y llevar a una mejor calidad de vida de los individuos VIH positivos.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections Type of study: Etiology study / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Jamaica Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2010 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections Type of study: Etiology study / Practice guideline / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: English Caribbean / Jamaica Language: English Journal: West Indian med. j Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2010 Type: Article Affiliation country: Jamaica