Oral Candida spp carriers: its prevalence in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus / Portadores de Candida spp na cavidade oral: a sua prevalência em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prevalence of oral candidiasis in diabetic patients is 13.7-64%. Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species (75-86.5%). OBJECTIVE: To obtain the prevalence of Candida carriers among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to identify the species of the yeast. Study design: It is an open, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and prospective study. METHODS: We included voluntary patients from the National Diabetes Marathon and performed a blood glucose measurement, sialometry test, Gram-stained exfoliative cytology, and culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar and CHROMagar Candida TM. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: We examined 141 patients (mean age 57 years) 103 women (73%) and 38 men (26.9%). Exfoliative cytology was positive in 32 cases (23 with oral lesions); 78 had oral lesions but no Candida (93.9%). Candida was isolated in 58 patients (41.1%), 21 (45.6 %) had blood glucose greater than 126 mg/dl, and 37 (38.9%) had less than 126 mg/dl. The most frequent species was C. albicans (82.7%). Forty-two Candida carriers had salivary flow greater than 20 mm (72.4%), and 16 (27.5%) had hyposalivation. Candida was isolated in 25 of 79 patients with dental prosthesis (31.6%), 9 of 15 were smokers (60%), and 22 of 71 had symptoms (30.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of oral Candida carriers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexico was similar to that found in other countries; exfoliative cytology was effective in finding Candida; salivary flow rate, use of prosthesis, and presence of oral lesions and symptoms were similar in oral Candida carriers and negative patients. Most smokers were Candida carriers. .

RESUMO

FUNDAMENTOS A prevalência de candidíase oral em pacientes diabéticos é de 13,7- 64%. A espécie mais frequentemente isolada é Candida albicans(75-86,5%). OBJETIVO: Obter a prevalência de portadores de Candida em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 para identificar as espécies da levedura. Desenho do estudo Aberto, observacional, descritivo, transversal e prospectivo. MÉTODOS: Incluímos pacientes voluntários dentro da Maratona Nacional do Diabetes e realizamos medida da glicose sanguínea, teste sialométrico, coloração de Gram da citologia esfoliativa, cultura em ágar Sabouraud dextrose e CHROMagar Candida TM. Os resultados foram analisados com estatística descritiva. RESULTADOS: Foram examinados 141 pacientes (média de idade de 57 anos), 103 mulheres (73%) e 38 homens (26,9%). A citologia esfoliativa foi positiva em 32 casos (23 com lesão oral), 78 tinham lesão oral, mas não tinham Candida (93,9%). Candida foi isolado em 58 pacientes (41,1%), 21(45,6%) tiveram glicemia superior a 126 mg / dl e 37 (38,9%) tiveram glicemia inferior a 126 mg / dl. A espécie mais frequente foi C. albicans (82,7%). 42 portadores de Candida tinham fluxo salivar maior que 20 mm(72,4%) e 16(27,5%) tinham hiposalivação. Candida foi isolado em 25 de 79 pacientes com prótese dentária (31,6%), 9 de 15 fumantes (60%), e 22 de 71 com sintomas (30,9%). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência de portadores de Candida oral em pacientes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 no México foi semelhante a outros países; citologia esfoliativa foi efetiva em encontrar Candida; fluxo salivar, uso de prótese, presença de lesão oral ...