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Rivaroxaban frente a heparinas de bajo peso molecular para la prevención de la tromboembolia venosa posterior al reemplazo total de cadera o rodilla: revisión sistemática de la literatura y metaanálisisis / Rivaroxaban versus low weight heparins for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis after major hip and knee arthroplasty: systematic review and metaanalysis
Aristizábal Henao, Natalia; Montoya Lopera, Juan Pablo; Donado Gómez, Jorge Hernando.
  • Aristizábal Henao, Natalia; Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Medellín. CO
  • Montoya Lopera, Juan Pablo; Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Medellín. CO
  • Donado Gómez, Jorge Hernando; Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Medellín. CO
Iatreia ; 26(2): 136-152, abr.-jun. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-675157
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

evaluar la eficacia y seguridad de la tromboprofilaxis con rivaroxaban comparada con las heparinas de bajo peso molecular en cirugía mayor de cadera o rodilla.

Métodos:

revisión sistemática en Central Cochrane Database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL y artículos referenciados. Solo se consideraron ensayos clínicos controlados. La búsqueda se realizó hasta octubre 31 de 2011.Dos revisores evaluaron de forma independiente la calidad metodológica de los artículos y extrajeron los datos.

Resultados:

se estudiaron 15.638 pacientes (nueve estudios) programados para reemplazo total de cadera o rodilla. Comparada con la enoxaparina, la tromboprofilaxis con rivaroxaban se asoció a menor incidencia de trombosis venosa profunda, tromboembolia pulmonar y muerte por cualquier causa posterior a cirugía ortopédica mayor tanto de cadera (5.475, riesgo relativo [RR] 0,37; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%] 0,29-0,48]) como de rodilla (2.878, RR 0,65; IC 95% 0,50-0,84) sin diferencias en los eventos hemorrágicos (sangrado mayor en cirugía de cadera 7.684, RR 1,79; IC 95% 0,78-4,11; y de rodilla 5.700, RR 1,59; IC 95% 0,77-3,27).

Conclusión:

el rivaroxaban usado para tromboprofilaxis de pacientes sometidos a cirugía ortopédica mayor es más eficaz que la enoxaparina y al menos tan seguro como ella.
ABSTRACT

Objective:

To assess the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban thromboprophylaxis versus low weight heparins in major hip and knee arthroplasty.

Methods:

Systematic review in Central Cochrane Database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, CINAHL, and referenced articles. Only randomized clinical trials were considered. The search was made until October 31, 2011. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of articles and extracted the information.

Results:

15.638 patients who underwent major orthopedic surgery were studied (nine trials). Compared with enoxaparin, thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban was associated with lower incidence of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism and death from any cause after major hip surgery (5.351, relative risk [RR] 0.37; confidence interval 95% [IC 95%] 0.29-0.48) and knee surgery (2.878, RR 0.65; IC 95% 0.50-0.84) without differences in bleeding events (major bleeding events in hip surgery 7.684, RR 1.79; IC 95% 0.78-4.11) and knee surgery 5.700, RR 1.59; IC 95% 0.77-3.27).

Conclusion:

Rivaroxaban thromboprophylaxis in major hip and knee arthroplasty is more effective than enoxaparin and as safe as the latter.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Heparin Lyase / Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Venous Thromboembolism / Rivaroxaban Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Etiology study / Systematic reviews Language: Spanish Journal: Iatreia Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana/CO

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Heparin Lyase / Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Venous Thromboembolism / Rivaroxaban Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Etiology study / Systematic reviews Language: Spanish Journal: Iatreia Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana/CO