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Resistencia a fármacos antituberculosis en pacientes coinfectados con tuberculosis y virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, en un hospital de referencia de 2007 a 2010 en Cali (Colombia) / Resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs in patients co-infected with tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus from 2007 to 2010 in a reference hospital in Cali (Colombia)
de Paza, David A; Potes, Laura; Quiñónez, Edgardo; Martínez, Luisa Fernanda; Cepeda, Magda; Guarín, Nora; Vélez, Juan Diego; Rosso, Fernando; García-Goez, José Fernando.
  • de Paza, David A; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
  • Potes, Laura; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
  • Quiñónez, Edgardo; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
  • Martínez, Luisa Fernanda; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
  • Cepeda, Magda; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
  • Guarín, Nora; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
  • Vélez, Juan Diego; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
  • Rosso, Fernando; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
  • García-Goez, José Fernando; Fundación Valle del Lili. Universidad ICESI. Cali. CO
Infectio ; 16(3): 161-165, jul.-set. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-675166
RESUMEN

Objetivo:

La resistencia a los fármacos antituberculosis es de gran interés en salud pública. La coinfección con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) ha cambiado el comportamiento de dicha enfermedad. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es determinar la prevalencia de la resistencia a fármacos antituberculosis en pacientes coinfectados con tuberculosis (TB)/VIH.

Método:

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo a partir de la revisión de los registros clínicos de casos nuevos y fracasos de TB coinfectados con VIH que consultaron a un centro de atención de nivel IV desde 2007 a 2010 y que contaban con pruebas de susceptibilidad.

Resultados:

Un 52% de los pacientes procedían de Santiago de Cali, y un 8%, de Buenaventura. La TB se presentó de forma extrapulmonar en el 80% de los pacientes. Del 48% de los sujetos que conocían su estado VIH previo al diagnóstico de la TB, el 40% estaban en terapia antirretroviral. El 16% de los casos eran fracasos, entre los cuales se detectó un caso multidrogorresistente. De los casos nuevos, se encontró monorresistencia a la isoniazida del 14%, y una resistencia total del 28%.

Conclusiones:

Se encontró una mayor prevalencia de resistencia a la esperada en población coinfectada TB/VIH; por lo que es necesario fortalecer el trabajo en equipo entre las entidades públicas y privadas para controlar dicha situación y fomentar el diagnóstico temprano y la realización de pruebas de susceptibilidad a fármacos antituberculosis.
ABSTRACT

Background:

Resistance to anti-tuberculosis treatment is a matter of great interest in terms of public health. TB/HIV coinfection changed what was previously known about TB. Our study attempts to determine the prevalence of resistance to TB drugs among a local TB/HIV population.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted, which consisted of a review of the clinical records of new and relapsing cases of TB/HIV coinfected patients, with drug susceptibility tests, who attended an advanced medical care centre in Cali, Colombia, between 2007 and 2010.

Results:

Just over half (52%) of the patients were native from Cali, and 8% were from Buenaventura. An extra-pulmonary presentation of TB was seen in 80% of the subjects. Almost half (48%) were HIV positive before the diagnosis of tuberculosis was made, 40% of whom were on HAART treatment. Of the total cases, 16% were relapses, including one case of multi-drug resistant (MDR)-TB. Among the new cases, 14% were resistant to isoniazid only, making a total of 28% being resistant to this.

Conclusions:

There was a higher than expected prevalence of resistance in TB/HIV patients. There is an urgent need to improve the team work between public health organizations and private medical institutions, and this cooperation hould be of great priority, as it is a means to control and promote early diagnosis with drug-susceptibility tests.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tuberculosis / Drug Resistance / HIV Infections / HIV / Coinfection / Antitubercular Agents Type of study: Observational study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: Spanish Journal: Infectio Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Fundación Valle del Lili/CO

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Tuberculosis / Drug Resistance / HIV Infections / HIV / Coinfection / Antitubercular Agents Type of study: Observational study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: Spanish Journal: Infectio Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Colombia Institution/Affiliation country: Fundación Valle del Lili/CO