Fusarium species and fumonisins associated with maize kernels produced in Rio Grande do Sul State for the 2008/09 and 2009/10 growing seasons
Braz. j. microbiol
;
44(1): 89-95, 2013. ilus, tab
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: lil-676915
ABSTRACT
Ear rots caused by Fusarium spp. are among the main fungal diseases that contribute to poor quality and the contamination of maize grains with mycotoxins. This study aimed to determine the visual incidence of fungal-damaged kernels (FDKs), the incidence of two main Gibberella (a teleomorph of Fusarium) complexes (G. fujikuroi and G. zeae) associated with maize using a seed health blotter test, and the fumonisin levels, using high performance liquid chromatography, in samples of maize grains grown across 23 municipalities during the 2008/09 and 2009/10 growing seasons. Additionally, 104 strains that were representative of all of the analysed samples were identified to species using PCR assays. The mean FDK was seven per cent, and only six of the samples had levels greater than six per cent. Fusarium spp. of the G. fujikuroi complex were present in 96% of the samples, and G. zeae was present in 18% of the samples (5/27). The mean incidence of G. fujikuroi was 58%, and the incidence of G. zeae varied from 2 to 6%. FB1 was found in 58.6%, FB2 in 37.9%, and both toxins in 37.9% of the samples. The FB1 and FB2 levels were below the quantification limits for 41.3% of the samples, and the mean FB1 levels (0.66 µg/g) were higher than the mean FB2 levels (0.42 µg/g). The PCR identification separated the 104 isolates into three of the G. fujikuroi complex F. verticillioides (76%), F. subglutinans (4%) and F. proliferatum (2%); and G. zeae (anamorph = F. graminearum) (18%). Our results confirmed the dominance of F. verticillioides, similar to other regions of Brazil, but they differed due to the relatively higher incidence of F. graminearum. Total fumonisin levels were below the maximum limit determined by current Brazilian regulations.
Full text:
Available
Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
In Vitro Techniques
/
Food Contamination
/
Polymerase Chain Reaction
/
Plant Structures
/
Fumonisins
/
Fusarium
/
Mycoses
Type of study:
Risk factors
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Braz. j. microbiol
Journal subject:
Microbiology
Year:
2013
Type:
Article
/
Project document
Affiliation country:
Brazil
Institution/Affiliation country:
Universidade Estadual de Maringá/BR
/
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul/BR
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