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Características clínicas y frecuencia de complicaciones crónicas en personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de diagnóstico reciente / Clinical characteristics and frequency of chronic complications in people with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Valdés Ramos, Eduardo; Camps Arjona, Maria del C.
  • Valdés Ramos, Eduardo; Centro de Atención al Diabético. Granma. CU
  • Camps Arjona, Maria del C; Centro de Atención al Diabético. Granma. CU
Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr ; 29(2): 121-131, abr.-jun. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-689646
RESUMEN
La caracterización clínica de las personas con diabetes es esencial para efectuar su evaluación de forma integral y ofrecer un tratamiento médico individualizado.

Objetivo:

identificar las características clínicas y la frecuencia de complicaciones crónicas en personas con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 de diagnóstico reciente en la provincia Granma.

Métodos:

se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo con pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 ingresados en el Centro de Atención al Diabético de Bayamo, Granma, en el período comprendido entre enero de 2011 a julio de 2012. El universo estuvo constituido por los 683 pacientes que ingresaron durante esa etapa en la institución. Representaron la muestra los 150 diabéticos tipo 2 que tenían menos de 6 meses de padecer la enfermedad.

Resultados:

la edad media fue de 49,2 años. Predominaron los diabéticos con antecedentes familiares de Diabetes Mellitus (60,6 por ciento), con sobrepeso y obesidad (90 por ciento) e hipertensos (62 por ciento). Al momento del diagnóstico 43 (28,7 por ciento) casos presentaron complicaciones crónicas 9 (6 por ciento) retinopatía diabética, 16 (10,6 por ciento) polineuropatía diabética, 11 (7,3 por ciento) cardiopatía isquémica, 4 (2,6 por ciento) ictus y 13 (8,6 por ciento) enfermedad arterial periférica. A 7 pacientes se les diagnosticó más de una complicación.

Conclusiones:

la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 frecuentemente se presenta en nuestro medio en personas mayores de 45 años, con antecedentes familiares de diabetes y asociada a la obesidad y la hipertensión arterial. Las complicaciones crónicas de la diabetes están presentes en un porcentaje elevado de casos al momento del diagnóstico inicial de dicha enfermedad...
ABSTRACT
Clinical characterization of people with diabetes mellitus is essential to carry out its comprehensive evaluation and indicate an individualized medical treatment.

Objective:

to identify the clinical characteristics and the frequency of chronic complications in people with newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Granma Province.

Methods:

a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus who were admitted to The Diabetes Care Center in Bayamo, Granma, from January 2011 to July 2012. The universe was composed of the 683 patients who were admitted to this institution during this period of time. The sample was represented by the 150 Type 2 diabetics who have been suffering from this disease for less than 6 months.

Results:

the mean age was 49, 2 years. The diabetics who had family antecedents of Diabetes Mellitus (60, 6 percent), the ones who were overweight and obese (90 percent) and the hypertensive ones (62 percent), predominated in the study. At the moment of the diagnosis, 43 cases (28,7 percent) presented the following chronic complications 9 had diabetic retinopathy (6 percent), 16 had diabetic polyneuropathy (10, 6 percent), 11 had ischemic heart disease (7,3 percent), 4 suffered from stroke (2,6 percent) and 13 presented peripheral arterial disease (8,6 percent). 7 patients were diagnosed with more than one complication.

Conclusions:

type 2 Diabetes Mellitus frequently occurs in people over 45 years, with family antecedents of diabetes mellitus associated to obesity and hypertension. Chronic complications of diabetes are present in a high percent of cases at the moment of the initial diagnosis of the disease...
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Myocardial Ischemia / Stroke / Diabetic Neuropathies / Diabetic Retinopathy / Hypertension / Obesity Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Centro de Atención al Diabético/CU

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Myocardial Ischemia / Stroke / Diabetic Neuropathies / Diabetic Retinopathy / Hypertension / Obesity Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: Spanish Journal: Rev. cuba. med. gen. integr Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Centro de Atención al Diabético/CU