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Factores sociofamiliares asociados a la decisión de dar en adopción en adolescentes embarazadas solteras / Socio-family factors associated to the decision of give up for adoption in single pregnant adolescents
González A., Electra.
  • González A., Electra; Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Medicina Reproductiva y Desarrollo Integral del Adolescente, (CEMERA). CL
Cuad. méd.-soc. (Santiago de Chile) ; 52(2): 31-40, 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-691022
RESUMEN
La mayoría de los estudios reportan que si bien dar en adopción puede ser visto como una alternativa muy beneficiosa para el hijo (a) de una adolescente que ha experimentado un embarazo no planeado o no deseado, muy pocas adolescentes eligen esta opción. Los factores que influyen esta decisión pueden ser múltiples.

Objetivo:

Examinar en forma retrospectiva y prospectiva, variables sociales y familiares asociadas a la decisión de dar en adopción en adolescentes embarazadas solteras.

Método:

adolescentes embarazadas atendidas en CEMERA que reportaron durante el embarazo su decisión de entregar hijo (a) en adopción. Se compararon adolescentes que manifestaron intención de entregar al hijo en adopción (94) y adolescentes que manifestaron intención de quedarse con el hijo (623).Se les aplicó un cuestionario en la primera consulta donde se preguntó por datos personales y familiares y su decisión acerca del hijo. A los 24 meses después del parto se hizo un seguimiento aplicando una entrevista solo a las adolescentes que se decidieron por la adopción, para evaluar el resultado de esta decisión.

Resultados:

Las variables asociadas a la decisión de adopción fueron menor edad, ser estudiante, embarazo producto de violación, actitud de rechazo por el hijo tanto por la adolescente y por su grupo familiar y no crianza por los padres. Variables que se asociaron a la decisión de quedarse con el hijo fueron la filiación matrimonial de los padres y mayor número de hermanos. El 49 por ciento desistió de la adopción después del nacimiento del hijo. De aquellas que concretaron la adopción solo una se arrepintió de esta decisión.
ABSTRACT
Most authors report that, even though adoption can be seen as a very beneficial alternative for the son or daughter of an adolescent who has experienced an unplanned or unexpected pregnancy, very few adolescents choose this option. Many factors can influence this decision.

Objective:

To examine in a retrospective and prospective way, social and family variables associated to the decision of adoption in single pregnant adolescents.

Method:

The pregnant adolescents seen in CEMERA who announced during their pregnancy the decision of giving a child in adoption. Adolescents who communicated their intention of giving the child in adoption (94) were compared to adolescents who had the intention of keeping the child (623). A questionnaire was applied to all of them in the first consultation at the Center, They were asked about their personal and family data and about their decision regarding the child. Twenty four months after childbirth, an interview was applied to the adolescents who manifested the decision of giving the child in adoption, in order to evaluate the result of this decision.

Results:

The variables associated to the decision of adoption were younger age, being a student, rape, an attitude of rejection towards the baby, both from the adolescent and from her family group, and not having been brought up by both parents. The variables that were associated to the decision of keeping the child were parents’ marriage affiliation, and a higher number of siblings. Follow up of the ones who had chosen adoption during pregnancy showed that 49 percent gave up adoption after childbirth and among the ones who completed adoption, only one regretted this decision.
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Pregnancy in Adolescence / Adoption / Adolescent Behavior / Family Relations Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Language: Spanish Journal: Cuad. méd.-soc. (Santiago de Chile) Journal subject: Chile / Medicina Social / Public Health Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de Chile/CL

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Pregnancy in Adolescence / Adoption / Adolescent Behavior / Family Relations Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Language: Spanish Journal: Cuad. méd.-soc. (Santiago de Chile) Journal subject: Chile / Medicina Social / Public Health Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad de Chile/CL