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Prevalência e fatores de risco da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C em amostras populacionais do estado de São Paulo em análise espacial por geoprocessamento / Prevalence and risk factors on infection with hepatites C virus in population samples of São Paulo with spacial analysis GIS
Botucatu; s.n; 2012. 112 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-691821
RESUMO
Os objetivos desse estudo foram conhecer a prevalência da infecção pelo virus da hepatite C (VHC) em amostras populacionais do Estado de São Paulo e identificar fatores de risco (FR) para a infecção pelo VHC. Posteriormente correlacionamos a prevalência da infecção com índices socioeconômicos da população de cada município estudado através da técnica de geoprocessamento. Na metodologia foram aplicados testes rosológicos rápidos pela técnica de imunocromatografia, posteriormente confirmados pelo teste ELISA ("enzyme linked immunosorbent assay") para o anti-VHC e coletadas informações referentes a um protocolo epidemiológico, constando de dados antropométricos e fatores de risco para o VHC. Foram realizados testes para pesquisa do RNA (àcido Ribonucléico) do VHC nos casos positivos. No total 17 municípios foram inseridos no estudo, compondo uma amostra de 3153 pessoas. O referido estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética Paulista (UNESP). Nas variáveis contínuas utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Utilizou-se testes de associação (Qui quadrado e teste exato de Fisher) e análise de regressão logística univariada e multivariada. O poder amostral foi 92%. A população estudada talvez possa ser considerada de baixo risco (99,3% apresentavam 4 ou menos fatores de risco (FR) e 26,5% não apresentaram nenhum FR identificado). A prevaLência de testes rápidos positivos foi de 0,7% (22/3153), havendo uma concordência de 100% com o teste ELISA. Em todos os casos positivos foram realizados RNA e genotipagem, sendo 21 dos 22 casos detectados RNA positivos...
ABSTRACT
The goals of this study were to determine the prevalence of hepatitis virus (HCV) infection in the studied sample, identify risk factors (RF) for HCV infection. Later correlated the prevalence of infection with demographics factors of each city studied using the tecnique of geoprocessing. In the methodology were applied rapid serological tests by immunochromatography technique, later confirmed by ELISA ("enzyme linked immunosorbent assay") test for anti-HCV, and collected information from an epidemiological protocol, consisting of anthropometric data and RF for HCV. Tests were conducted to study the HCV RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the positive cases. In total 17 ciites were enrolled in the study, a sample of 3153 persons. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee. Descriptive statistics was used for continuous variables, such as mean, standard desviation, median and extreme values. In order to evaluate the association between HCV positivity with categorical variables, the chi-square and Fishers´s exact test were used, and association was considered to be significant when the p-value was <0,05. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the variables that influenced anti-HCV positivity. The stepwise procedure was performed, and SAS for Windows (Statistical Analysis System), version 9.2 (SAS Institute Inc, USA) was used. The sampling power was considered 92%. The study population might be considered low risk (99.3% had 4 or fewe RF and 26.5% showed no identified RF). The prevalence of positive rapid tests was 0.7% (22/3153), with a 100% agreement with the ELISA test. In all positive cases were performed genotyping and RNA, with 21 of the 22 positive cases detected RNA...
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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Hepatitis C / Hepatitis, Viral, Human Type of study: Etiology study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Year: 2012 Type: Thesis

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Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Hepatitis C / Hepatitis, Viral, Human Type of study: Etiology study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors / Screening study Limits: Adult / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Brazil Language: Portuguese Year: 2012 Type: Thesis