¿Llegan oportunamente los pacientes con nefropatía diabética al servicio de Nefrología del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia durante el periodo enero 2011- enero 2012? / Do patients with diabetic nephropathy arrive on time to the Nephrology Service in Cayetano Heredia Hospital? A one-year assessment: january 2011-january 2012

RESUMEN

La nefropatía diabética está reportada, a nivel local, como la primera causa de enfermedad renal crónica terminal; no se puede efectuar prevención secundaria en estos pacientes por la llegada inoportuna a la primera consulta nefrológica. Objetivos: Determinar la proporción de pacientes con nefropatía diabética que llegan en forma oportuna a la primera consulta nefrológica en el Hospital Cayetano Heredia. Material y Método: Se obtuvieron datos demográficos, clínicos y de laboratorio de 73 pacientes con diagnóstico de Diabetes mellitus 2 durante el periodo de enero de 2011 - enero 2012. Se describen tasas y proporciones. Resultados: De 73 pacientes evaluados, 50 (68,49%) llegaron en forma inoportuna (nefropatía diabética estadio IV y V de Mogensen), siendo predominante el estadio IV en 47 (64,38%) y estadio V en 3 (4,11%). Sólo 7 (9,59 %) llegaron en estadio II y ningún paciente llegó en estadio I. 12 (92,31%) fueron transferidos de la Emergencia. Los niveles de depuración de creatinina tuvieron una media en 59,24 ± 43 2 cc/min x 1,73 m sc (1,86-293). Los valores de la proteinuria fueron 2,353 ± 3,291 gr/24 horas, con un rango (29 - 15103 gr) de los cuales 43 (61,43%) presentaron proteinuria significativa, 14 (20%) proteinuria masiva y 3 (4,29%) en rango maligno. Conclusiones: En esta serie la mayor proporción de pacientes con nefropatía diabética llegan en forma inoportuna o en estadios avanzados de enfermedad renal crónica a la consulta externa nefrológica.

ABSTRACT

Diabetic nephropathy has been reported in Peru as the first cause for end-stage kidney disease; and secondary prevention cannot not take place because of patients coming so late for their first nephrology assessment. Objectives: To determine the proportion of patients with diabetic nephropathy who come on time for their first nephrology assessment in Cayetano Heredia Hospital. Material and Method: We obtained demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from 73 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus between January 2011 and January 2012. We describe rates and proportions. Results: Of these 73 patients assessed, 50 (68,49%) arrived with advanced kidney disease to the nephrology outpatient clinic (diabetic nephropathy, Mogensen stages IV and V), stage IV was the most frequent presentation, it was found in 47 patients (64,38%), and 3 (4,11%) arrived to the clinic with stage V diabetic nephropathy. Only 7 patients (9,59%) arrived in stage II, and no stage I patient ever arrived to the hospital. Twelve patients (92,31%) were referred from the Emergency Department. Mean creatinine clearance values were 59,24 ± 43 cc/min x 1,73 m2 body surface area (1,86-293). Proteinuria values were 2,353 ± 3,291 g/24 hours, within this range (29-15103 g), and 43 (61,43%) patients showed significant proteinuria, 14 (20%) had massive proteinuria, and 3 (4,29%) were considered to have malignant proteinuria. Conclusions: Most diabetic nephropathy patients in this report arrive late to the nephrology outpatient clinic, most frequently presenting with advanced kidney disease.