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Testing the Latino paradox in Latin America: A population-based study of Intra-regional immigrants in Chile / Evaluación de la "paradoja latina" en Chile utilizando datos de la encuesta de salud de 2006
Cabieses, Baltica; Tunstall, Helena; Pickett, Kate.
  • Cabieses, Baltica; Universidad del Desarrollo. Santiago. CL
  • Tunstall, Helena; Universidad del Desarrollo. Santiago. CL
  • Pickett, Kate; Universidad del Desarrollo. Santiago. CL
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(10): 1255-1265, oct. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-701733
ABSTRACT
Background: Several studies in high-income countries report better health status of immigrants compared to the local population ("healthy migrant" effect), regardless of their socioeconomic deprivation. This is known as the Latino paradox. Aim: To test the Latino paradox within Latin America by assessing the health of international immigrants to Chile, most of them from Latin American countries, and comparing them to the Chilean-born. Material and Methods: Secondary data analysis of the population-based CASEN survey-2006. Three health outcomes were included: disability, illness/accident, and cancer/chronic condition (dichotomous). Demographics (age, sex, marital status, urban/rural, ethnicity), socioeconomic-status (SES: educational level, employment status and household income per-capita), and material standards (overcrowding, sanitation, housing quality). Crude and adjusted weighted regression models were performed. Results: One percent of Chile's population were immigrants, mainly from other Latin American countries. A "healthy migrant" effect appeared within the total immigrant population: this group had a significantly lower crude prevalence of almost all health indicators than the Chilean-born, which remained after adjusting for various demographic characteristics. However, this effect lost significance when adjusting by SES for most outcomes. The Latino paradox was not observed for international immigrants compared to the local population in Chile. Also, health of immigrants with the longest time of residency showed similar health rates to the Chilean-born. Conclusions: The Latino paradox was not observed in Chile. Protecting low SES immigrants in Chile could have large positive effects in their health at arrival and over time.
RESUMEN
Antecedentes: Hay estudios que informan un mejor estado de salud de los inmigrantes en comparación con la población local (efecto del "migrante sano"), independientemente de su posición socioeconómica (PSE). Esto se conoce como la paradoja latina. Objetivo: Probar la paradoja latina dentro de América Latina en Chile. Material y Métodos: Análisis secundario de datos de la encuesta CASEN 2006. Tres resultados de salud se incluyeron: discapacidad, enfermedad/accidente, cáncer/enfermedad crónica (variables dicotómicas). Se consideraron datos demográficos (edad, sexo, estado civil, zona urbana/rural, grupo étnico), PSE (nivel educativo, situación laboral y el ingreso familiar per cápita), y condiciones materiales (hacinamiento, saneamiento, calidad de la vivienda). Modelos de regresión ponderados crudos y ajustados fueron analizados en STATA 11.0. Resultados: El uno por ciento de la población de Chile eran inmigrantes, principalmente de otros países de América Latina. Un efecto de "inmigrante sano" apareció dentro de la población inmigrante total: este grupo tenía una prevalencia cruda significativamente menor que la población chilena en todos los indicadores de salud. Sin embargo, este efecto de migrante sano pierde su significación al ajustar por PSE. Además, la salud de los inmigrantes con más tiempo de residencia mostró tasas similares de salud a la de origen chileno. Conclusiones: La paradoja latina no se observó en Chile. La protección de los inmigrantes de baja PSE podría tener grandes efectos positivos en su salud.
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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Status / Emigrants and Immigrants Type of study: Etiology study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: English Journal: Rev. méd. Chile Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad del Desarrollo/CL

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Health Status / Emigrants and Immigrants Type of study: Etiology study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Aged / Humans Country/Region as subject: South America / Chile Language: English Journal: Rev. méd. Chile Journal subject: Medicine Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: Chile Institution/Affiliation country: Universidad del Desarrollo/CL