Fatores de risco relacionados com suicidios em Palmas (TO), Brasil, 2006-2009, investigados por meio de autopsia psicossocial / Risk factors associated with suicides in Palmas in the state of Tocantins, Brazil, between 2006 and 2009 investigated by psycho-social autopsy

RESUMO

Este artigo objetiva analisar e descrever os fatores de risco e seus determinantes, associados a 24 casos de suicídios ocorridos na cidade de Palmas (TO), no período de 2006 a 2009. Utilizou-se o método de autópsia psicológica e psicossocial, a qual, por meio de entrevistas com familiares, busca investigar os suicídios consumados, contextualizando características da vida do sujeito, e compreender os processos familiares e as circunstâncias afetivas, sociais, econômicas e culturais, fundamentando-se na reconstrução da história e da personalidade da pessoa. Os fatores socioeconômicos associados foram ser do sexo masculino, solteiro, de cor parda, estar na faixa etária de 20 a 40 anos e com ensino fundamental. Os principais fatores de risco identificados foram transtornos mentais, abuso de álcool e outras drogas, relacionamento familiar conturbado e histórico de tentativas anteriores. Buscamos contextualizar e refletir sobre alguns casos relatados pelos familiares e sobre a resposta das equipes de saúde às demandas das famílias. A necessidade de implantar programas de prevenção e de capacitar os profissionais da atenção básica foi verificada. .

ABSTRACT

The scope of this article is to analyze and describe the risk factors and determinants linked to 24 suicides in the city of Palmas in the state of Tocantins between 2006 and 2009. The psychological and psycho-social autopsy method was used in order to investigate the consummated suicides by interviewing family members. It contextualized the subjects' life characteristics to understand the family dynamics and the affective, social, economic and cultural background, based on the reconstruction of the history and personality of the individuals. The associated socio-economic factors were being male, aged between 20 and 40, single, with mixed ethnicity and basic education. The major risk factors identified were mental disorder, alcohol and other drug abuse, disturbed family relationship and a history of previous suicide attempts. An attempt was made to contextualize and reflect on some cases reported by family members, as well as on the response of the health care teams to the demands of the families. The need to implement prevention programs and to train the primary health care professionals was considered a priority. .