Actividad de picadura de Culex quinquefasciatus (SAY, 1863) en Bogotá, Colombia / Culex quinquefasciatus (SAY, 1863) biting activity in Bogotá, Colombia

RESUMEN

Resumen Antecedentes. La presencia de mosquitos en el sur de Bogotá se constituye en una molestia sanitaria debido a sus altas densidades. Objetivo. Caracterizar la abundancia mensual y la actividad de picadura de los mosquitos. Materiales y métodos. Se recolectaron mosquitos utilizando trampas Shannon, durante una noche por mes y por un periodo de seis meses, en dos sitios aledaños a fosos de excavación minera, inundadas por el río Tunjuelito. Resultados. Se recolectaron un total de 18891 mosquitos. 99,93% se determinaron como culex quinquefasciatus. Los meses de mayor abundancia de mosquitos fueron marzo y abril, los cuales presentan mayor precipitación. Se encontraron dos patrones de actividad nocturna, uno con un solo pico hacia la media noche en el sitio más cercano a las minas de excavación y otro con dos picos definidos en el sitio más cercano a las viviendas. La tasa de paridad fue de 64,4%. Conclusión. Este comportamiento diferente posiblemente esté asociado a las condiciones microambientales, como luz y actividad minera de la zona durante las 24 horas del día, pero no se encontró que estuviera relacionado con la presencia o ausencia de lluvia.

ABSTRACT

Summary Background. Culex quinquefasciatus is a nuisance for humans and animals, in the southern area of Bogotá, due to its high abundance. Objective. Characterize the abundance of these mosquitoes monthly and their activity during the night. Materials and Methods. Mosquitoes were collected using a Shannon trap, during one night each month, from December 2006 to May 2007 in two places located near mining excavation pits. These pits were flooded with water of the Tunjuelito river in 2002. Results. During the study, 18891 mosquitoes were collected. 99.93 % were identified as Culex quinquefasciatus. These mosquitoes were most abundant in March and April, the highest rainfall months. Two patterns of nocturnal activity were found in one of them, a unique peak in the darkest hours was found, in an area of active mining. In the other area, located nearest to houses, mosquitoes showed two activity peaks. Conclusions. The difference in these two behavioral patterns could be explained by micro-environmental conditions such as light and the intensity of mining activity, but it could not be associated with the presence of rain.