Microsporum spp. onychomycosis: disease presentation, risk factors and treatment responses in an urban population
Braz. j. infect. dis
;
18(2): 181-186, Mar-Apr/2014. tab, graf
Article
in English
| LILACS
| ID: lil-709425
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Dermatophytes are the main causative agent of all onychomycosis, but genus Microsporum is infrequent and the risk of acquiring the infection is often associated with exposure to risk factors.OBJECTIVES:
To describe clinical characteristics of onychomycosis due to Microsporum onychomycosis in an urban population.METHODS:
This was a retrospective analysis of the epidemiological and clinical features of 18Microsporum onychomycosis cases of a total of 4220 of onychomycosis cases diagnosed between May 2008 and September 2011 at the tertiary referral center for mycology in Guatemala.RESULTS:
Eighteen cases of Microsporum onychomycosis (M. canis, n=10; M. gypseum, n=7; M. nanum, n=1) were identified (prevalence=0.43%). Infection was limited to nails only and disease duration ranged from 1 month to 20 years (mean=6.55 years). The toenails were affected in all cases except for a single M. gypseum case of fingernail. The most common clinical presentation was distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (12/18) followed by total dystrophic onychomycosis (5/18), and superficial white onychomycosis (1/18). M. gypseumpresented in 6 cases as distal lateral subungual onychomycosis and in 1 case like total dystrophic onychomycosis. Five cases (27.78%) were associated with hypertension, diabetes, and psoriasis. Treatment with terbinafine or itraconazole was effective. Two cases of M. canisdistal lateral subungual onychomycosis responded to photodynamic therapy.CONCLUSION:
This is the largest reported series of Microsporum onychomycosis and demonstrates such a disease in an urban population. In 27.78% of the cases risk factors for infection were associated to comorbid states. We also report the first 2 cases of successfully treated M. canis onychomycosis with photodynamic therapy and a rare case of M. canis associated dermatophytoma. .
Full text:
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Index:
LILACS (Americas)
Main subject:
Onychomycosis
/
Foot Dermatoses
/
Microsporum
Type of study:
Etiology study
/
Observational study
/
Prevalence study
/
Prognostic study
/
Risk factors
Limits:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Country/Region as subject:
Central America
/
Guatemala
Language:
English
Journal:
Braz. j. infect. dis
Journal subject:
Communicable Diseases
Year:
2014
Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Guatemala
Institution/Affiliation country:
Instituto de Dermatología y Cirugía de Piel Prof. Dr. Fernando A. Cordero C./GT
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