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The double burden of malnutrition and its risk factors in school children in Tunja
Pastor Galiano, Lirios; Manrique Abril, Fred; Ernert, Andrea; Bau, Anne-Madeleine.
  • Pastor Galiano, Lirios; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. CO
  • Manrique Abril, Fred; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. CO
  • Ernert, Andrea; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. CO
  • Bau, Anne-Madeleine; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. CO
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 62(2): 119-126, jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-710612
ABSTRACT
Undernutrition and overnutrition are relevant Public Health problems in Colombia. We conducted a nutritional survey in the municipality of Tunja to quantify the problem in order to guide government interventions and serve as baseline for future evaluations. Schoolchildren were randomly selected among all private and public schools. Information on health status, socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of their families was collected using questionnaires, which also included the Colombian Household Food Security Scale. Anthropometric measurements of 1168 schoolchildren (5 to 19 years old) were obtained, analyzed with WHO Anthro- Plus, and associated with the mentioned variables by further statistic analysis. The overall prevalences of stunting, thinness and overweight were 11.3%, 1.7% and 17.6%, respectively. The highest prevalence of stunting was found in rural areas (23%). Children from rural areas, attending public schools and in female-headed households had higher risks of stunting. Overweight reached a percentage of 26.9% in children attending private schools, where the risk of overweight was double than in public ones. Within the studied households 48.6% had some level of food insecurity. In Tunja the prevalence of undernutrition was low, which could be an effect of government nutrition programs. However, it continues to be a problem in vulnerable population groups, mainly in rural areas. On the other hand, the rising prevalence of overweight, following the trend of countries in nutritional transition, is a new Public Health problem which should be addressed. Periodic controls are also needed to evaluate the impact of government nutrition programs on the nutritional status of the children.
RESUMEN
La doble carga de la malnutrición y sus factores de riesgo en Tunja, Colombia. La malnutrición es un problema de Salud Pública relevante en Colombia. Realizamos una encuesta nutricional en el municipio de Tunja para cuantificar el problema, guiar intervenciones gubernamentales y servir de base a futuras evaluaciones. Para ello seleccionamos aleatoriamente escolares entre todas las escuelas públicas y privadas y recogimos información sobre su salud y características socioeconómicas y demográficas de sus hogares con cuestionarios, incluyendo la Escala Colombiana de Seguridad Alimentaria en el Hogar. Obtuvimos así medidas antropométricas de 1168 escolares (entre 5 y 19 años) que analizamos con WHO-AnthroPlus y relacionamos con las variables mencionadas mediante análisis estadístico. La prevalencias de bajo peso, delgadez y sobrepeso fueron 11,3%, 1,7% y 17,6%, respectivamente. La prevalencia más alta de bajo peso se encontró en áreas rurales (23%). Niños de áreas rurales, escuelas públicas y en hogares con mujeres como cabeza de familia presentaron mayor riesgo de bajo peso. Encontramos sobrepeso en el 26,9% de los niños en escuelas privadas, donde el riesgo de sobrepeso doblaba al de las públicas. De los hogares estudiados, un 48,6% presentaban inseguridad alimentaria. Encontramos por tanto una prevalencia baja de déficit nutricional, que podría ser resultado de los programas de nutrición gubernamentales. Sin embargo este problema continúa existiendo en poblaciones vulnerables, especialmente en zonas rurales. Por otro lado la creciente prevalencia de sobrepeso, siguiendo la tendencia de los países en transición nutricional, es un nuevo problema de Salud Pública a tratar. Para controlar la malnutrición es fundamental establecer controles periódicos para valorar el impacto de los programas nutricionales.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Nutrition Surveys / Nutritional Status / Malnutrition / Food Supply Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Etiology study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research Limits: Adolescent / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: English Journal: Arch. latinoam. nutr Journal subject: Bioqu¡mica / Educa‡Æo Alimentar e Nutricional / Fen“menos Fisiol¢gicos da Nutri‡Æo / Microbiologia de Alimentos / NUTRICAO Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Germany Institution/Affiliation country: Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin/CO

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Nutrition Surveys / Nutritional Status / Malnutrition / Food Supply Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Etiology study / Prevalence study / Qualitative research Limits: Adolescent / Child / Child, preschool / Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: South America / Colombia Language: English Journal: Arch. latinoam. nutr Journal subject: Bioqu¡mica / Educa‡Æo Alimentar e Nutricional / Fen“menos Fisiol¢gicos da Nutri‡Æo / Microbiologia de Alimentos / NUTRICAO Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Germany Institution/Affiliation country: Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin/CO