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Self-medication tendencies of patients visiting out-patient departments of Government homoeopathic medical colleges and hospitals in West Bengal, India
Koley, Munmun; Saha, Subhranil; Ghosh, Aloke; Ganguly, Subhasish; Arya, Jogendra Singh; Choubey, Gurudev.
  • Koley, Munmun; Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy. Siliguri. IN
  • Saha, Subhranil; Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy. Siliguri. IN
  • Ghosh, Aloke; Midnapore Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital. West Bengal. IN
  • Ganguly, Subhasish; Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital. West Bengal. IN
  • Arya, Jogendra Singh; Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy. Siliguri. IN
  • Choubey, Gurudev; Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy. Siliguri. IN
Int. j. high dilution res ; 12(45): 178-189, 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-710803
ABSTRACT
Self-medication is mostly prevalent in the low- and middle-income population segments of developing countries, thus reflecting the status of health services. Self-medication has frequently been held responsible for inducing drug resistance, higher cost of further treatment, and other complications. The World Health Organization (WHO) promotes self-medication in rural and remote areas to reduce the burden of health services. In this study, the researchers sought to establish the prevalence, consequences, and causes of self-medication. Methods: Multicenter, institution-based, cross-sectional study conducted with 456 participants in May, 2013 at the outpatient clinics of 2 Government homeopathic medical colleges in West Bengal, India. A pilot-tested structured questionnaire consisting of 12 self-administered questions in local vernacular Bengali was used; 8 were close-ended questions providing multiple answer options, while 4 were open-ended. Results: Overall, 12.7% of interviewees admitted to perform self-medication; 57.7% and 66.0% had appropriate knowledge of the medicines and dose regimens, respectively. Females (64.3%) predominated and self-medication was mostly found in age range 31-45 years old (32.5%). Conventional Western medicine (82.2%) was most preferred therapy, and fever (35.7%), hyperacidity (25.4%) and loose stool (24.3%) the most frequently reported complaints. The main causes for self-medication were feeling no need to consult doctor (32.5%), busy schedule (16.4%), family members advice (16.0%), over-the-counter (OTC) availability of medicines without prescription (12.5%), direct consumer pharmaceutical advertisement (12.1%), and high expenditure in private institutes (10.1%). The chi-square distribution of determinants across the two samples differed significantly. The tendency increased proportionately with literacy (Yates’ ÷2=175.731; p=0.000) and poverty (Yates’ ÷2=426.817; p=0.000).
RESUMO
A prevalência da automedicação é mais elevada nos segmentos populacionais de baixa e média renda nos países em desenvolvimento, como reflexo de nível de atenção pública. A automedicação é frequentemente considerada como causa de resistência a medicamentos, aumento do custo do tratamento e outras complicações. Os autores do presente estudo objetivaram investigar a prevalência, consequências e causas da automedicação. Métodos: estudo multicêntrico, institucional e transversal incluindo 456 indivíduos que consultaram em maio de 2013 os ambulatórios de 2 hospitais universitários homeopáticos públicos em Bengala Ocidental, Índia. Foi distribuído para auto-aplicação um questionário estruturado previamente validado num teste piloto. O questionário incluía com 8 perguntas fechadas, com múltiplas opções de resposta, e 4 abertas, na língua vernácula local. Resultados: Aproximadamente 12,7% dos entrevistados admitiram se utilizar de automedicação; 57,7% e 66,0% tinham conhecimento adequado sobre o medicamento utilizado e posologia, respectivamente. A amostra esteve composta predominantemente por mulheres (64,3%), e a faixa etária com maior frequência de automedicação foi a de 31-45 anos (32,5%). A medicina convencional foi indicada como a preferida (82,2%) e as queixas mais frequentes foram febre (35,7%), azia (25,4%) e diarreia (24,3%). As principais causas para a escolha de automedicação foram: sem necessidade de consultar um médico (32,5%), falta de tempo (16,4%), conselho de familiares (16.0%), existência de medicamentos de venda livre (12.5%), publicidade farmacêutica dirigida diretamente ao consumidor (12.1%) e alto custo de serviços de saúde privados (10,1%). O teste de qui quadrado identificou diferença significativa na distribuição dos determinantes entre os dois grupos. A tendência para uso de automedicação aumentou paralelamente ao nível de educação (Yates χ2=175,731; p=0.000) e à pobreza (Yates χ2=426.817; p=0,000).
Subject(s)
Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Self Medication / Drug Resistance / Nonprescription Drugs / Healthy Lifestyle / Homeopathy Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Int. j. high dilution res Journal subject: Homeopathy / Terapias Complementares Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: India Institution/Affiliation country: Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy/IN / Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital/IN / Midnapore Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital/IN

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Self Medication / Drug Resistance / Nonprescription Drugs / Healthy Lifestyle / Homeopathy Type of study: Controlled clinical trial / Observational study / Qualitative research / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Language: English Journal: Int. j. high dilution res Journal subject: Homeopathy / Terapias Complementares Year: 2013 Type: Article Affiliation country: India Institution/Affiliation country: Clinical Research Unit Homeopathy/IN / Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital/IN / Midnapore Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital/IN