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Caracterización clínica de la retinopatía diabética en diabéticos tipo 2 atendidos en el Servicio de Retina del Centro Oftalmológico Dr Salvador Allende de la Habana / Clinical characterization of the diabetic retinopathy in diabetics type 2 taken care in the Retina Service of the Ophthalmological Center Dr Salvador Allende Hospital from Havana
Pérez Muñoz, María Emoé; Triana Casado, Idalia; Pérez Rodríguez, Lissette; Isas Cordové, Moraima.
  • Pérez Muñoz, María Emoé; Centro Oftalmológico Dr. Salvador Allende. La Habana. CU
  • Triana Casado, Idalia; Centro Oftalmológico Dr. Salvador Allende. La Habana. CU
  • Pérez Rodríguez, Lissette; Centro Oftalmológico Dr. Salvador Allende. La Habana. CU
  • Isas Cordové, Moraima; Centro Oftalmológico Dr. Salvador Allende. La Habana. CU
Mediciego ; 18(1)mar. 2012. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-710812
RESUMEN
La retinopatía diabética constituye un problema importante de salud ocular a nivel mundial, con independencia del nivel de desarrollo socioeconómico de los países. En este estudio se propone identificar las características clínicas de esta enfermedad en diabéticos tipo 2. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 120 pacientes con retinopatía diabética, que acudieron al Servicio de Retina del Centro Oftalmológico Dr Salvador Allende en 2008, que se dividieron en dos grupos: tratados con insulina y tratados con hipoglucemiantes orales. Se examinó un total de 234 ojos, (agudeza visual máxima, oftalmoscopía indirecta, biomicroscopía de segmento posterior, tomografía óptica y angiografía fluoresceínica). Entre los principales resultados predominó la retinopatía diabética en pacientes mayores de 60 años, del sexo femenino y con más de 20 años de evolución de la diabetes. Los estadios avanzados de retinopatía, el edema macular clínicamente significativo y el mayor déficit visual predominaron en el subgrupo tratado con insulina. En ambos subgrupos resultaron inadecuados el control de la diabetes y el seguimiento por el oftalmólogo. Los resultados permitieron concluir que se trata de una enfermedad que requiere control metabólico estricto y seguimiento periódico por el oftalmólogo.
ABSTRACT
Diabetic retinopathy constitutes an important ocular health problem at world-wide level, independently of level of socioeconomic development of countries. In this study we proposed to identify clinical characteristics of this disease in diabetics type 2. A descriptive study of cross section was carried out in 120 patients with diabetic retinopathy, who went to Retina Service of the Ophthalmological Center “Dr. Salvador Allende” in 2008, that were divided in two groups: treated with insulin and treated with oral hypoglycemic. A total of 234 eyes were examined, (maximal visual acuity, indirect ophthalmoscopy, biomicroscopy of posterior segment, optical tomography and fluorescein angiography). In the main results we obtained a predominance of diabetic retinopathy in patients older than 60 years, feminine sex and more than 20 years of diabetics evolution. The advanced stages of retinopathy, macular edema clinically significant and the greater visual deficit predominated in the sub-group dealt with insulin. The diabetes control and monitoring by the ophthalmologist were inadequate in both subgroups. The results allowed concluding that it is a disease that requires tight metabolic control and periodic monitoring by an ophthalmologist.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Diabetes Complications / Diabetic Retinopathy Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Central America / El Salvador Language: Spanish Journal: Mediciego Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Centro Oftalmológico Dr. Salvador Allende/CU

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: Diabetes Complications / Diabetic Retinopathy Type of study: Observational study / Prevalence study / Prognostic study / Risk factors Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Central America / El Salvador Language: Spanish Journal: Mediciego Journal subject: Public Health Year: 2012 Type: Article Affiliation country: Cuba Institution/Affiliation country: Centro Oftalmológico Dr. Salvador Allende/CU