Management of multivessel coronary disease after primary angioplasty: staged reintervention versus optimized clinical treatment and two-year follow-up / Manejo da doença coronária multiarterial após angioplastia primária: reintervenção estadiada versus tratamento clínico otimizado e seguimento de 2 anos

ABSTRACT

Objective: In the clinical scenario of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction, several patients with multivessel coronary atherosclerotic disease are discharged without a defined strategy to monitor the residual atherosclerotic lesions. The clinical endpoints evaluated were cardiovascular death, symptoms of angina pectoris, rehospitalization for a new acute coronary syndrome, and the necessity of reintervention during the two-year follow-up. Methods: This observational, prospective, and historical study included multivessel coronary atherosclerotic disease patients who were admitted to a tertiary care university hospital with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction and underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention with stent implantation only at the culprit lesion site; these patients were monitored in the outpatient clinic according to two treatments the Clinical Group - CG (optimized pharmacological therapy associated with counseling for a healthy diet and cardiac rehabilitation) or the Intervention Group - IG (new staged percutaneous coronary intervention or surgical coronary artery bypass graft surgery combined with the previously prescribed treatment). Results: Of 143 patients consecutively admitted with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction, 57 were eligible for the study (CG=44 and IG=13). Regarding the clinical endpoints, the cardiovascular death rate did not differ between the CG and IG. The symptom of angina pectoris and the rehospitalization rate for a new episode of acute coronary syndrome were accentuated in the CG (P=0.020 and P=0.049, respectively) mainly in individuals with evidence of ischemia evidenced by myocardial scintigraphy (P<0.001 and P=0.001, respectively) which culminated in an even greater need for reintervention (P=0.001) in this subgroup of patients. Conclusion: The staged intervention was demonstrated to be safe and able to reduce angina pectoris and ...

RESUMO

Objetivo: No cenário do Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST, diversos pacientes com doença coronária aterosclerótica multiarterial recebem alta hospitalar sem estratégia definida para seguimento de coronariopatia residual. Avaliamos o desfecho composto por morte cardiovascular, sintoma de angina de peito, reinternação por nova síndrome coronária aguda ou necessidade de reintervenção no seguimento de dois anos. Métodos: Estudo observacional, prospectivo, histórico, incluindo portadores de doença coronária aterosclerótica multiarterial admitidos em serviço terciário universitário com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST submetidos à intervenção coronária percutânea primária com implante de stent apenas na lesão culpada e conduzidos ambulatorialmente conforme duas terapêuticas Grupo Clínico - GC (terapia farmacológica otimizada associada à orientação dietética saudável e reabilitação cardiovascular) ou Grupo Intervenção - GI (nova ICP estadiada ou revascularização miocárdica cirúrgica aliada ao tratamento previamente descrito). Resultados: De 143 pacientes consecutivamente admitidos com Infarto Agudo do Miocárdio com Supradesnível do Segmento ST, 57 foram elegíveis para o estudo (GC=44 e GI=13). Em relação aos desfechos, o GI não diferiu do GC quanto à taxa de óbito cardiovascular. O sintoma de angina de peito e a taxa de reinternação por novo episódio de síndrome coronária aguda destacam-se no GC (P=0,020 e P=0,049; respectivamente), principalmente nos indivíduos com evidência de isquemia à cintilografia miocárdica (P<0,001 e P=0,001; respectivamente) culminando, inclusive, ...