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Cytotoxicity and DNA damage in the neutrophils of patients with sickle cell anaemia treated with hydroxyurea
Pedrosa, Alano Martins; Barbosa, Maritza Cavalcante; Santos, Thayna Nogueira dos; Leal, Luzia Kalyne Almeida Moreira; Lopes, Amanda de Araújo; Elias, Darcielle Bruna Dias; Sasahara, Greyce Luri; Cavalcanti, Bruno Coêlho; Gonçalves, Romélia Pinheiro.
  • Pedrosa, Alano Martins; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
  • Barbosa, Maritza Cavalcante; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
  • Santos, Thayna Nogueira dos; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
  • Leal, Luzia Kalyne Almeida Moreira; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
  • Lopes, Amanda de Araújo; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
  • Elias, Darcielle Bruna Dias; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
  • Sasahara, Greyce Luri; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
  • Cavalcanti, Bruno Coêlho; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
  • Gonçalves, Romélia Pinheiro; Federal University of Ceará. Faculty of Pharmacy, Odontology and Nursing. Pharmacy Department. Fortaleza. BR
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 50(2): 401-410, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-722198
ABSTRACT
Hydroxyurea (HU) is the most important advance in the treatment of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) for preventing complications and improving quality of life for patients. However, some aspects of treatment with HU remain unclear, including their effect on and potential toxicity to other blood cells such as neutrophils. This study used the measurement of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Methyl ThiazolTetrazolium (MTT) and the comet assay to investigate the cytotoxicity and damage index (DI) of the DNA in the neutrophils of patients with SCA using HU.In the LDH and MTT assays, a cytoprotective effect was observed in the group of patients treated, as well as an absence of toxicity. When compared to patients without the treatment, the SS group (n=20, 13 women and 07 men, aged 18-69 years), and the group of healthy individuals (AA) used as a control group (n=52, 28 women and 24 men, aged 19-60 years), The SSHU group (n=21, 11 women and 10 men, aged 19-63 years) showed a significant reduction (p<0.001) in LDH activity and an increase in the percentage of viable cells by the MTT (p<0.001). However, the SSHU group presented significantly higher DI values (49.57±6.0 U/A) when compared to the AA group (7.43 ± 0,94U/A) and the SS group (22.73 ±5.58 U/A) (p<0.0001), especially when treated for longer periods (>20 months), demonstrating that despite the cytoprotective effects in terms of cell viability, the use of HU can induce DNA damage in neutrophils.
RESUMO
A hidroxiuréia (HU) constitui o avanço mais importante no tratamento da anemia falciforme (AF) por prevenir complicações e aumentar a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Entretanto, alguns aspectos do tratamento com HU permanecem obscuros, incluindo a sua ação e potencial toxicidade em outras células sanguíneas, tais como neutrófilos. Este estudo utilizou a mensuração da lactato desidrogenase (LDH) e do metil tiazoltetrazólio (MTT) e o ensaio do cometa para investigar a citotoxicidade e índice de dano (ID) ao DNA em neutrófilos de pacientes com AF em uso do medicamento. Nos ensaios de LDH e MTT, observou-se além de ausência de toxicidade, uma ação citoprotetora no grupo de pacientes tratados, Grupo SSHU (n=21, 11 mulheres e 10 homens, com idades entre 19-63 anos), quando comparados aos pacientes sem tratamento, Grupo SS (n=20, 13 mulheres e 07 homens, 18-69 anos), e grupo de indivíduos saudáveis (AA) usado como controle (n=52, 28 mulheres e 24 homens, 19-60 anos), com redução significativa (p<0,001) na atividade de LDH e aumento no percentual de células viáveis pelo MTT (p<0,001). Entretanto, o grupo SSHU apresentou valores de ID significativamente elevados (49,57±6,0 U/A), quando comparados ao grupo AA (7,43 ± 0,94U/A) e grupo SS (22,73 ±5,58 U/A) (p<0,0001), especialmente quando tratados por períodos mais longos (>20 meses), demonstrando que apesar dos efeitos citoprotetores quanto à viabilidade celular, o uso da HU pode induzir lesão ao DNA de neutrófilos.
Subject(s)


Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: DNA Damage / Hydroxyurea / Anemia, Sickle Cell / Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity / Neutrophils Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Braz. j. pharm. sci Year: 2014 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Ceará/BR

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Full text: Available Index: LILACS (Americas) Main subject: DNA Damage / Hydroxyurea / Anemia, Sickle Cell / Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity / Neutrophils Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Braz. j. pharm. sci Year: 2014 Type: Article Affiliation country: Brazil Institution/Affiliation country: Federal University of Ceará/BR