Perfil sociodemográfico y patrones de consumo de drogas de pacientes de cocaina y crack / Socio Demographic Profile and Usage Patterns of Crack and Cocaine Consumers

RESUMEN

El objetivo de esta investigación fue conocer el perfil sociodemográfico y el patrón de uso de cocaína y crack, y su asociación con tabaco y otras sustancias entre usuarios que asisten a un tratamiento ambulatorio. Participaron 139 usuarios (87,3% hombres y 12,7% mujeres), que hicieron parte del 'Tratamiento breve para usuarios de cocaína' (TUBC), de la Facultad de Psicología de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de preselección y la entrevista inicial. Encontramos que hay diferencias en el perfil de los consumidores de coca y los de crack. Sigue siendo mayor la proporción de consumidores de coca que de crack; los consumidores de coca tienen mayor escolaridad que los consumidores de crack; la mayoría de ambos consumidores han conservado un empleo. Más usuarios de coca habían asistido a un tratamiento. Estos resultados son muy útiles para ampliar el conocimiento sobre las características que tienen este tipo de consumidores y ayudar a perfilar los tratamientos específicos que cada uno requiere.

ABSTRACT

The aim of this investigation was to recognize the socio demographic profile of crack and cocaine consumers that have attended an ambulatory treatment. As a well as, to define the crack and cocaine usage patterns and their association with tobacco and other substances amongst these groups of consumers. 39 users took part in the investigation (87.3% men and 12.7 women) said participants had all received the Brief treatment for cocaine users (TUBC) at the faculty of psychology of the UNAM. The items used in this study were a preselecting questionnaire and an intake interview. Our results showed that there are profile differences amongst cocaine and crack consumers. Firstly, the percentage of cocaine consumers is still higher than the percentage of those who take crack. Secondly, Cocaine consumers have a higher grade of education than crack consumers. Thirdly, there were more cocaine users that had previously attended a treatment. However, the majority of subjects in both groups had managed to maintain their Jobs. These results are very useful to widen the knowledge about the characteristics of each type of consumer; what is more, they help us define the specific treatment each type of consumer requires.