Evaluation of choroidal thickness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome / Avaliação da espessura da coroide em pacientes com síndrome da apnéia/hipopnéia obstrutiva do sono

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To compare the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) of patients with different severities of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and normal controls via enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods: In this retrospective, case-control study, 49 eyes from 49 patients that had undergone polysomnography were included. SFCT of the horizontal and vertical line scans were manually measured for all eyes based on EDI-OCT images. Two separate analyses were performed according to different apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) groupings. Initial testing was conducted using non-OSAHS, mild OSAHS (5≤AHI<15), moderate OSAHS (15≤AHI<30), and severe OSAHS (AHI≥30) patient groupings, while secondary testing used non-OSAHS, mild OSAHS (5≤AHI<15), and moderate/severe OSAHS (AHI≥15) patient groupings. Results: The mean SFCT was 314.5 μm in the non-OSAHS patients (n=14), 324.5 μm in the mild OSAHS patients (n=15), 269.3 μm in the moderate OSAHS patients (n=11), and 264.3 μm in the severe OSAHS patients (n=9). SFCT between the four groups revealed no significant differences despite a trend towards slight thinning in the severe group (P=0.08). When the moderate and severe groups were merged and compared with the mild OASHS and non-OSAHS groups, SFCT of the moderate/severe group was found to be significantly thinner than that of the mild group (P=0.016). A negative significant correlation was found between SFCT and AHI in OSAHS patients (r=0.368, P=0.033). Conclusions: In patients with moderate/severe OSAHS, EDI-OCT revealed a thinned SFCT. Other accompanying systemic or ocular diseases may induce perfusion and oxygenation deficiency in eyes of OSAHS patients. Further studies are required in order to determine the exact relationships between ocular pathologies and clinical grades of OSAHS. .

RESUMO

Objetivo: Comparar a espessura da coróide subfoveal (subfoveal choroidal thickness - SFCT) de pacientes com diferentes gravidades de síndrome de apnéia/hipopnéia obstrutiva do sono (obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome - OSAHS) e controles normais por meio da tomografia de coerência óptica com profundidade de imagem aprimorada (enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography - EDI-OCT). Métodos: Neste estudo retrospectivo caso-controle, foram incluídos 49 olhos de 49 pacientes submetidos a polissonografia. A espessura da coroide subfoveal nas linhas horizontais e verticais de rastreamento foi medida manualmente em todos os olhos, com base nas imagens de EDI-OCT. De acordo com o índice de apnéia/hipopnéia (AHI), duas análises separadas foram realizadas com dados de pacientes sem OSAHS, com OSAHS leve (5≤AHI<15), com OSAHS moderado (15≤AHI<30) e com OSAHS grave (AHI≥30) e com dados de pacientes sem OSAHS, com OSAHS leve (5≤AHI<15) e com OSAHS moderada e grave (AHI≥15). Resultados: A média de SFCT foi de 314,5 μm nos pacientes sem OSAHS (n=14), 324,5 μm em pacientes com OSAHS leve (n=15), 269,3 μm em pacientes com OSAHS moderada (n=11) e 264,3 μm em pacientes com OSAHS grave (n=9). Não houve diferença significativa entre a SFCT dos quatro grupos, apesar do discreto afinamento no grupo severo (p=0,08). Quando os grupos moderados e graves foram fundidos e comparados com os grupos sem OSAHS e com OSAHS leves, SFCT do grupo moderado/ grave foi significativamente mais fino do que o do grupo leve (p=0,016). Foi encontrada uma correlação negativa significativa entre SFCT e AHI em pacientes com OSAHS (r=0,368, p=0,033). Conclusões: Em pacientes com OSAHS moderada/grave, a EDI-OCT revelou um SFCT afinado. Outras doenças sistêmicas ou oculares associadas podem induzir a deficiência ...